Peripheral Circulation

Question 1

What do arteries do?

Answer 1

Transport oxygenated blood from areas of high pressure to lower pressure in body tissues

Question 2

What is the only exception of arteries?

Answer 2

The umbilical vein and the pulmonary veins

Question 3

What maintains arterial circulation?

Answer 3

the heart pump

Question 4

What are arteries influenced by?

Answer 4

Elasticity and extensibility of vessel walls and by peripheral resistance, amount of blood in the body

Question 5

What are arterioles?

Answer 5

1. terminal branches of arteries that attach to capillaries

Question 6

What is the primary site of vascular resistance?

Answer 6

Arterioles

Question 7

What are capillaries?

Answer 7

• Small blood vessels that connect the ends of arteries (arterioles) with the beginning of veins (venules); forming an anastomosing network

Question 8

What do capillaries function for?

Answer 8

exchange of nutrients and fluids between blood and tissue

Question 9

Capillary walls are…

Answer 9

thin and permeable

Question 10

What do veins do?

Answer 10

• Transport dark, unoxygenated blood from tissues back to the heart
• Larger capacity, thinner walls than arteries, greater number

Question 11

What do veins have?

Answer 11

one way valves that prevent back flow

Question 12

What does venous system include?

Answer 12

both superficial and deep veins
- deep veins accompany arteries while superficial ones do not

Question 13

What influences venous circulation?

Answer 13

• muscle contraction, gravity, respiration (increased return with inspiration), and compliancy of right heart

Question 14

What does the lymphatic system include?

Answer 14

• lymphatics (superficial, intermediate, and deep), lymph fluid, lymph tissues, and organs (lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen, thymus, and thoracic duct)

Question 15

What does the lymphatic system do?

Answer 15

• drains lymph from bodily tissues and returns it to venous circulation

Question 16

Where does lymph travel?

Answer 16

• From lymphatic capillaries to lymphatic vessels to ducts to left subclavian vein

Question 17

Hoe does lymphatic contraction occur?

Answer 17

• parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensory nerve stimulation
• contraction of adjacent muscles
• abdominal and thoracic cavity pressure changes during normal breathing
• mechanical stimulation of dermal tissues
• volume changes within each lymphatic vessel

Question 18

Major lymph nodes

Answer 18

• Submaxillary
• Cervical
• Axillary
• Mesenteric
• Iliac
• Inguinal
• Popliteal
• Cubital

Question 19

What does the lymphatic system contribute to?

Answer 19

Immune system function
- lymph nodes collect cellular debris and bacteria, remove excess fluid, blood waste, and protein molecules, and produce antibodies