PFT

Question 1

Predicted volumes vary with ___, _____, _____, and ______ (weight)

Answer 1

age, race, height, gender

Question 2

Lung Volumes
a. _______ ______ (VT)
b. ______ _____ ______ (IRV)
c. ______ ______ _____ (ERV)
d______ ______(RV)

Answer 2

a. Tidal Volume (VT)
b. Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
c. Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
d. Residual Volume (RV)

Question 3

Lung Capacities

_____ _______ (VC = IRV + VT + ERV)
_______ ______(IC = VT + IRV)
______ _____ ______ (FRC = ERV + RV)
______ _____ _____ (TLC = IC + ERV + RV

Answer 3

Vital Capacity
Inspiratory Capacity
Functional Residual Capacity
Total Lung Capacity

Question 4

Obstructive Lung Disorders

1. ___ that enters the alveoli during inspiration (bronchioles wider) is prevented from leaving during expiration (bronchioles narrow)
2. Alveoli become over-_________ with gas (air trapping)

Answer 4

1. Gas
2. Over- distended

Question 5

Anatomic Alterations of the Lungs
Associated with Obstructive Lung
Disorders

Answer 5

1. Excessive mucous production and accumulation (chronic
   bronchitis, asthma)
2. Bronchospasm (asthma)
3. Distal airway weakening (emphysema)

Question 6

Restrictive Lung Disorders

1. Associated with pathologic conditions that alter the anatomic structures distal to the _________ bronchioles (alveoli/lung
   parenchyma)
2. Results in lung ______ = ↓lung compliance

Answer 6

1. terminal bronchials
2. rigidity

Question 7

Anatomic Alterations of the Lungs
Associated with Restrictive Lung
Disorders

Answer 7

1. Atelectasis (pneumothorax, pleural effusion, flail chest, mucous
   plugging)
2. Consolidation (Pneumonia, ARDS, lung abscess, tuberculosis)
3. Increased A/C membrane thickness (pulmonary edema,
   pneumoconiosis, tuberculosis, fungal disease

Question 8

Forced Vital Capacity

1. Total volume of gas that can be exhaled as ________ and ______ as possible after a _____ inspiration.
2. Obstructive = ↓FVC
3. Restricted = ↓FVC

Answer 8

forcefully, rapidly , maximal

Question 9

FEV1

1. The amount of air _____ in __ seconds during an FVC maneuver.
2. Obstructive = ↓ FEV1 (airway resistance)
3. Restrictive = ↓ FEV1 (smaller VC)

Answer 9

exhaled, 1 seound

Question 10

FEV1/FVC (or FEV1%)
1. Compares the FEV1 with the total amount of air ______ during an FVC maneuver

2. Expressed as a ____
3. Obstructive: FEV1 and FEV1% are both↓
4. Restrictive: FEV1 ↓and FEV1% ↑

Answer 10

exhaled

percent

Question 11

PEFR (or PEF)

1. Peak Expiratory Flow Rate
2. The maximum flow rate generated during an FVC maneuver
3. Good assessment of Raw
4. Normal male 20-30 yrs old = ____ L/min
5. Normal female 20-30 yrs old = ______ L/min
6. Measured with hand-held peak flow meter

Answer 11

20-30 yrs old = 600 L/min

20-30 yrs old = 450 L/min

Question 12

Pulmonary Diffusion Capacity
(DLCO)

1. Measures the amount of _____ _____ (CO) that moves across the alveolar-capillary membrane
2. When a patient has a normal Hgb, pulmonary capillary blood volume, and
   ventilatory status, the only limiting factor to the diffusion of CO is the A/C
   membrane
3. Normal DLCO = ____mL/min/mmHg

Answer 12

1. carbon monoxide
2. 25 mL/min/mmHg