PFTs (pulmonary function tests)

Question 1

Primary test used to determine severity of lung disease

Answer 1

Spirometry

Question 2

What test measures Max amount of inhalable air and the time it takes to do so?

Answer 2

Spirometry

Question 3

Lung capacities are:

Answer 3

2 or more lung volumes added together

Question 4

What are used to Dx lung diseases?

Answer 4

Lung volumes

Question 5

Name all lung volumes

Answer 5

VT, IRV, ERV, RV

Question 6

Name all lung capacities

Answer 6

Inspiratory Capacity
Functional Residual Capacity
Vital Capacity
Total Lung Capacity

Question 7

VT and IRV make what lung capacity?

Answer 7

Inspiratory capacity

Question 8

ERV and RV make what lung capacity?

Answer 8

Functional Residual Capacity

Question 9

IRV, VT, and ERV make what lung capacity?

Answer 9

Vital Capacity

Question 10

VC and RV make what lung capacity?

Answer 10

Total lung capacity

Question 11

Which volumes, and how, are affected by COPD?

Answer 11

IRV decr.
VT. decr.
ERV decr.
RV increase

Question 12

FEV1 measures what?

Answer 12

FLOW RATE
Amount of air expired during 1st second of forceful expiration

Question 13

FVC measures what?

Answer 13

VOLUME:
Amount of air expelled during a forceful exhilation

Question 14

FEV1/FVC number for Normal lungs

Answer 14

Normal 70-85%, and >80% predicted for age, sex, height

Question 15

Criteria - Stage 1 COPD

Answer 15

Mild:
FEV1/FVC < .70
FEV1 and FVC >80% predicted
Chronic cough +, Sputum production -

Question 16

FEV1/FVC Criteria - Stage 2 COPD

Answer 16

Moderate:
FEV1/FVC < .70
FEV1 or FVC 50-80% predicted
Chronic cough +, Sputum production and dyspnea -

Question 17

FEV1/FVC Criteria - Stage 3 COPD

Answer 17

Severe:
FEV1/FVC < .70
FEV1 or FVC 30-50% predicted
Chronic cough +, Sputum production and increased dyspnea -

Question 18

FEV1/FVC Criteria - Stage 4 COPD

Answer 18

Very Severe:
FEV1/FVC < .70
FEV1 < 30% predicted
OR
<50% predicted plus chronic respiratory failure
Chronic cough +, Sputum production, extreme dyspnea, respiratory failure or HF, weight loss

Question 19

DLCO

Answer 19

Pt:
1. inhales air w/ measured CO content
2. holds air 10 s
3. exhales completely
Expired air collected to measure CO concentration

Question 20

Normative Measures (% predicted) - FVC

Answer 20

Normal: >= 80
Mild: 60-80
Moderate: 50-60
Severe: <= 50

Question 21

Normative Measures (% predicted) - FEV1

Answer 21

Normal: >= 80
Mild: 60-80
Moderate: 40-60
Severe: <= 40

Question 22

Normative Measures (% predicted) - DLCO

Answer 22

Normal: >= 80
Mild: 60-80
Moderate: 40-60
Severe: <= 40

Question 23

Normative Measures (% predicted) - FEV1/FVC

Answer 23

Normal: 75

Question 24

How is perfusion (Q) measured?

Answer 24

R sided CO L/min

Question 25

How is ventilation (V) measured?

Answer 25

Air getting to alveoli L/min

Question 26

Normative Measures - V/Q

Answer 26

0.8 - 1.0

Question 27

Decreased V/Q Ratio

Answer 27

V can't keep up with Q Blood taking O2 from alveoli too quick O2 w/n alveoli decr. leads to decreased arterial O2 Alveolar CO2 increases, leading to incr. arterial CO2

Question 28

Normative Measures - Pulmonary Arterial Systolic Pressure

Answer 28

20-30 mmHg

Question 29

How does g affect V and Q in standing, short- and long-sitting?

Answer 29

V is greater in upper lobes Q is greater in lower lobes

Question 30

Factors influencing - V/Q through areas of lungs

Answer 30

g body position cardiopulmonary dysfunction inflammation trauma diffuse destruction of bronchioles

Question 31

Most common cause of hypoxemia is

Answer 31

Low V/Q ratios in large portions of lungs

Question 32

Goals for PT

Answer 32

Improve Oxygenation, decrease CO2 retention Reduce airway edema Facilitate elimination of bronchial secretions