Another word for antibiotics
Antimicrobial
What is true for ALL antibiotics?
(hint: 4 items)
destroy bacteria
decrease birth control effectiveness
must finish entire dose
impacts liver/kidneys
Penicillin
(what to know)
-many allergies, anaphylaxis = true allergy
-culture/sensitivity test
-can cause renal impairment - fights w/ kidneys, monitor BUN and creatine
Cephalosporins/Cephalexin
(what to know)
-penicillin allergy - also allergic to this
-broad-spectrum (most intense)
-loop-diuertic (furosemide) = more at risk for nephrotoxicity or ototoxicity (monitor BUN and creatine labs)
Tetracycline
(what to know)
-superinfection (kills bad AND good bacteria)
-take on empty stomach w/ water
-hepatoxicity (monitor LFT -> AST & ALT)
-photosensitivity
Gentamicin/Aminoglycosides
(what to know)
-strong, usually given via IV
-increased risk for nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
-furosemide = extra risky
Antifungals
(names)
-Amphotericin B
-azle
-nystatin
Antifungals
(what to know)
-given PO or IV (IV = life threatening only)
-liver damage possible
Antivirals/Acyclovir
-given via IV SLOWLY over 1 hour
-nephrotoxicity risk
Beta-Adrenergic Agonists/Albuterol
(how it works)
-relaxes (dilates) vessel to open bronchi to allow easier breathing AND histamine is released
Term for asthma attack
acute broncho spasms
Glucocorticoids/Steroids/Prednisone
-take beta-adrenergic FIRST
-stop inflammation/edema/fluid buildup
-dose gets tapered
-can impact adrenal gland
-can cause hyperglycemia
-immunosuppressant
-thrush
-avoid chronic use
Antihistamines/Anticholinergic/Diphenhydramine
-dries out system
-1st gen = makes sleepy
-2nd gen = no sleepy
-“can’t see, can’t pee, can’t spit, can’t shit”
-activated charcoal = reversal/antidote
-PO or IV
