Pharm Module 1

Question 1

how to calculate bioavailability

Answer 1

 area under curve for IV drugs

Question 2

IV route has what bioavailablity

Answer 2

• 100%

Question 3

when is the bioavailability of drugs measured

Answer 3

• after the first pass effect

Question 4

acidic drugs bind what

Answer 4

• albumin

Question 5

basic drugs bind what

Answer 5

• alpha1 acidic glycoprotein

Question 6

hydrophobic drugs bind what

Answer 6

• lipoproteins

Question 7

steroid hormones bind what

Answer 7

• globulins

Question 8

what part of the drug can be cleared renally?

Answer 8

• the free, unbound fraction of the drug

Question 9

if you have a high volume of distribution, where does the drug go?

Answer 9

• little in the plasma

- more in the interstitial and intracellular fluid

Question 10

if you have a low volume of distribution, where does the drug go?

Answer 10

• more in the plasma

Question 11

how to calculate volume of distribution

Answer 11

Vd = Q/Cp

Q= amount of drug in body 
Cp= plasma drug concentration

Question 12

Clearance and plasma concentration of a drug with high Vd

Answer 12

• low clearance

- low plasma concentration

Question 13

clearance and plasma concentration of a drug with low Vd

Answer 13

• high clearance

- high plasma concentration

Question 14

how to calculate renal clearance

Answer 14

CL = UV/P

U= drug concentration in urine
V = flow rate
P = plasma concentration of drug

Question 15

half life of drug formula considering CL

Answer 15

t1/2 = (0.7*Vd)/CL

Question 16

half life of a drug as Vd increases

Answer 16

• will also increase

Question 17

half life of a drug as CL increases

Answer 17

• will decrease

Question 18

calculation of elimination rate constant (Ke)

Answer 18

Ke = CL/Vd

Question 19

half life concentration in regard to Ke

Answer 19

t1/2=0.7/Ke

Question 20

what does a higher elimination constant mean

Answer 20

• faster the drug is eliminated from the body

Question 21

how to calculate maintenance dose

Answer 21

MD = (CpCLт)/F

т=dosage interval
F=bioavailability
Cp=plasma concentration at steady state

Question 22

how to calculate loading dose

Answer 22

LD = (Cp*Vd)/F

F = bioavailability
Cp=plasma concentration at steady state

Question 23

what is loading dose

Answer 23

• single dose that will distribute across the body to produce a single therapeutic concentration