What is a Normal Metabolizer?
The person’s genes produce a typical amount of enzyme
This results in the antidepressant helping the person’s depression with few side effects.
What characterizes a Slow Metabolizer?
The person’s genes produce too little enzyme
This can cause the antidepressant to build up in the person’s body, leading to intolerable side effects.
What defines a Fast Metabolizer?
The person’s genes produce too much enzyme
This results in the antidepressant being eliminated too quickly, providing little or no relief for the person’s depression.
What are the treatment options for a Normal Metabolizer?
- Follow the recommended dosage
This approach is effective for those with typical enzyme production.
What are the treatment options for a Slow Metabolizer?
- Switch the antidepressant or reduce the person’s dosage
This helps manage the side effects caused by the buildup of the drug.
What are the treatment options for a Fast Metabolizer?
- Switch antidepressant or increase the person’s dosage
This can help achieve the desired therapeutic effect.
What does NE stand for in receptor actions?
Norepinephrine
It plays a role in various physiological effects and is targeted by different drugs.
What are the desired effects of activating NE a-1 receptors?
- Increases alertness
- Increases blood pressure
This activation is typically achieved through antidepressants.
What are the adverse effects of activating NE a-2 receptors?
- Decreases blood pressure
- Light-headedness
Clonidine is a drug that can produce this action.
What are the physiological effects of blocking DA receptors?
- Counters extrapyramidal effects
- Apathy
- Emotional blunting
- Increases prolactin secretion
This action is typically associated with antipsychotics.
What are the side effects of blocking ACH receptors?
- Constipation
- Urinary retention
- Blurred vision
- Increased heart rate
- Memory impairment
- Dry mouth
This action is associated with tricyclics and some antipsychotics.
Which 5-HT receptors are involved in anxiety?
- 5-HTIA
- 5-HT2A
These receptors play a significant role in the manifestation of anxiety symptoms.
What are the possible 5-HT receptors involved in depression?
- 5-HTIA
- 5-HT2
- 5-HT3
- 5-HT4
These receptors are linked to various aspects of depressive symptoms.
What are the drugs that can activate 5-HTIA receptors?
- Buspirone
This drug is primarily used for its antianxiety effects.
What are the side effects of activating 5-HTIA receptors?
- Sedation
- Headache
- Low blood pressure
These effects can occur with the use of buspirone.
What are the drugs that can activate 5-HT2A receptors?
- SSRIs
- LSD
SSRIs are used as antidepressants, while LSD is known for its hallucinogenic properties.
What are the side effects of activating 5-HT2A receptors with SSRIs?
- GI symptoms
- Headache
- Insomnia
- Restlessness
- Sexual dysfunction
These side effects can be common with SSRIs.
What are the psychoactive drugs that are not metabolized or minimally metabolized by CYP enzymes in the liver?
- Pregabalin
- Lorazepam
- Milnacipran
- Desvenlafaxine
- Paliperidone
- Gabapentin
- Levetiracetam
- Lithium
- Lamotrigine
- Memantine
These drugs are important in treating various conditions without significant liver metabolism.
What is the percentage eliminated after 3 half-lives of a drug?
87.5%
This indicates that a significant portion of the drug is cleared from the body.
What is the ICD-10-CM code for Bipolar 1 Disorder with a current episode of severe depression?
F 31.13
This code is used for classification in medical records.
What is the ICD-10-CM code for Bipolar 1 Disorder in full remission?
F 31.74
This code indicates that the individual is no longer experiencing symptoms.
