Who was the Chinese Philosopher
Confucius
When was Confucius born and died
551BCE and 479BCE
What is the book of Confucius’ sayings called
Analects and it was written by his students
What did Confucius teach
- Respecting your parents is the highest duty (filial piety)
- Fraternal submission
-We are all born equal (egalitarian) - Rulers should be admirable role models and not corrupt who favour people due to contacts (cronyism/ nepotism)
-Rulers should be appointed to those with ability/ benevolent morals
Name a quote from Confucius’ book of Sayings
“Filial piety and fraternal submission- are they not the root of all benevolent actions” Analects 1:2
What is fraternal submission
An elder sibling’s authority being recognised and obeyed by the younger sibling
Where was Plato from
Greece
What did Plato believe
-Civilians should enrol in the career they are best gifted at (despite preferences) for societal benefit
-Anyone can be any role (e.g. lower class as a ruler or highest class as a producer)
What was Plato’s hierarchy
- Rulers - wisest people who strive for justice and make fair decisions
- Guardians- brave, loyal people who enforce ruler’s laws
- Producers- providers of basic services and needs
What is represented in modern day by Plato’s hierarchy
- MPs/ Court judges (instead of rulers)
- Emergency responders/ police (instead of guardians)
- Farmers/ builders (instead of producers)
What is Plato’s most famous book which he wrote his philosophical ideas in
The Republican
Who was the Egyptian woman philosopher
Hypatia
What did Hypatia teach
- Head of school , where Maths + Philosophy was taught in a non biased manner (non partisan)
- Believed we should tolerate everyone’s beliefs
How did Hypatia die
She was killed by a fanatical group of anti pagan Christians who stripped her then grated her skin with shells until she died.
What society did Hypatia grow up in
A patriarchal one (lived 350/370 AD - March 415AD)
How did Hypatia get educated if women didn’t get an education
Her father was a well respected scholar so he taught her maths, astronomy and philosophy
What rumour was spread about Hypatia
Cyril (the archbishop) told everyone she was a witch
How did the Spartan programme work for men
-From 7 to 20 years old
-Slept/ lived in barracks with other boys (surprise wakeup drills)
-Washed in cold water quickly
- Ate sparse food
-Intense drills
-Educated (war stories/ songs)
Why were Spartan boys given sparse food
So they were encouraged to steal, and would only get punished if they were caught, not for the actual deed
How did the Spartan programme work for women
-From 7 to 18 years old
-Lived at their home with family
-Washed in cold water quickly
- Ate sparse food
-Difficult drills
-Educated (estate management, poetry/ writing, war stories)
- Socialised while sewing
What was the purpose of the Spartan programmme
To prepare them to be tough people who are ready for war
What did Spartan pride mean for women
Dying in childbirth (profiting society)
What did Spartan pride mean for men
Dying in war (died in honour of your country)
What was deemed a failure for a man in Sparta
Being weak and unable to fight
