physics sat

Question 1

what is physics?

Answer 1

the study of the rules by which the physical world operates.

Question 2

SI base units:

Answer 2

meter, kilogram, kelvin, second, mole, ampere, candela.

Question 3

independent variable

Answer 3

controlled by the experimenter.

Question 4

dependent variable

Answer 4

changes based on the independent variable.

Question 5

practice 5 metric system conversions?

Answer 5

yep, go do it !!!

Question 6

scientific law

Answer 6

a statement or equation that predicts events under certain conditions.

Question 7

vector quantities

Answer 7

have both magnitude and direction.

Question 8

examples of vector quantities:

Answer 8

velocity, force, displacement, weight, momentum, and acceleration.

Question 9

scalar quantities

Answer 9

have only magnitude, no direction.

Question 10

examples of scalar quantities:

Answer 10

speed, mass, energy, time, distance, temperature, and volume.

Question 11

what is the slope of a velocity-time graph?

Answer 11

acceleration.

Question 12

what is a velocity-time graph?

Answer 12

plots velocity on y-axis and time on x-axis; the space under the line is displacement, slope is acceleration.

Question 13

acceleration

Answer 13

rate of change in velocity of an object (measured in m/s^2)

Question 14

velocity

Answer 14

how fast an object moves in a given direction (measured in m/s)

Question 15

speed

Answer 15

how fast an object moves (measured in m/s)

Question 16

gravitational force

Answer 16

the force of attraction that exists between all objects. (weakest, acts over greatest distance)

Question 17

what two things affect gravitational force?

Answer 17

depends on object’s mass and distance between two objects.

Question 18

electromagnetic force

Answer 18

electric, static, and magnetic forces.

Question 19

strong nuclear force

Answer 19

holds the nucleus of atoms together. (strongest, acts over smallest distance)

Question 20

weak force

Answer 20

involved with the radioactive decay of atoms.

Question 21

newtons 1st law of motion

Answer 21

an object at rest/in motion will remain that way unless acted upon by an outside force. (aka law of inertia)

Question 22

newtons 2nd law of motion

Answer 22

the acceleration of an object depends on the net force and mass of the object. (defines a newton)

Question 23

inertia

Answer 23

the tendency of an object to resist changes in its motion.

Question 24

newtons 3rd law of motion

Answer 24

every action has an equal and opposite reaction (equal in force, opposite in direction).

Question 25

mass

Answer 25

the amount of matter within an object.

Question 26

weight

Answer 26

the force of gravity acting on an object.

Question 27

equilibrium

Answer 27

when an objects net force is zero (the forces acting on it cancel eachother out).

Question 28

projectile

Answer 28

an object launched into the air.

Question 29

trajectory

Answer 29

the path of a projectile.

Question 30

parabola

Answer 30

the shape of a trajectory.

Question 31

period

Answer 31

the time it takes to complete one cycle. (measured in seconds)

Question 32

work-energy theorem

Question 33

power

Answer 33

the rate at which work is done.

Question 34

kinetic energy

Answer 34

all objects in motion have this.

Question 35

potential energy

Answer 35

stored within an object. (two types: gravitational PE and elastic PE)

Question 36

law of conservation of energy:

Answer 36

in a closed, isolated system, the total amount of energy stays constant.

Question 37

entropy

Answer 37

the measure of disorder or randomness in a system.

Question 38

force

Answer 38

a push or a pull (measured in Newtons)

Question 39

machine

Answer 39

a device that makes work easier by transferring either the direction or magnitude of the force applied to it. (doesn't change amount of work done)

Question 40

***temperature

Answer 40

the measure of an objects hotness/ amount of kinetic energy

Question 41

frequency

Answer 41

the number of events over a period of time (Hz).

Question 42

electricity

Answer 42

the flow of electric charge through a material.

Question 43

friction

Answer 43

the force that opposes motion between two surfaces in direct contact with one another (measured in newtons)

Question 44

free-fall

Answer 44

when an object is only acted upon by gravity.

Question 45

Archimedes principle:

Answer 45

an object immersed in a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of fluid displaced by the object.

Question 46

momentum

Answer 46

the product of an objects mass and velocity. (p =mv)

Question 47

energy

Answer 47

the ability the cause a change or to do work on an object.

Question 48

examples of energy:

Answer 48

thermal, solar, electrical, nuclear, chemical, mechanical, light, and magnetic energy.

Question 49

dynamics

Answer 49

the study of why objects move.

Question 50

kinematics

Answer 50

the study of how objects move.

Question 51

terminal velocity

Answer 51

when the air resistance of a falling object equals out its weight.

Question 52

static friction

Answer 52

opposes the start of motion. (the hardest the overcome)

Question 53

sliding /kinetic friction

Answer 53

between two surfaces in motion.

Question 54

rolling friction

Answer 54

opposes motion between rolling objects (wheels, ball bearings).

Question 55

fluid /drag friction

Answer 55

acts on objects moving through a fluid (a liquid or gas).

Question 56

coefficient of friction

Answer 56

constant that depends on two surfaces in contact

Question 57

precision

Answer 57

degree of exactness of a measurement.

Question 58

accuracy

Answer 58

closeness of a measurement to its true value.

Question 59

torque

Answer 59

product of the lever arm and a force; can either stop, start, or change the direction of rotation.

Question 60

distance

Answer 60

how far an object has moved.

Question 61

displacement

Answer 61

how far an object has moved from its starting point.

Question 62

system

Answer 62

a defined collection of objects