Define wave.
A disturbance that transfers energy through space or matter.
True or false: Transverse waves move perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer.
TRUE
Fill in the blank: Longitudinal waves consist of ______ and rarefactions.
compressions
What is the wavelength of a wave?
The distance between consecutive crests or troughs.
Define frequency.
The number of waves that pass a point in one second.
What unit measures frequency?
Hertz (Hz)
True or false: Amplitude is the maximum displacement from the rest position.
TRUE
What does period refer to in wave mechanics?
The time taken for one complete cycle of the wave.
Fill in the blank: The speed of a wave is calculated by ______.
frequency times wavelength
Define reflection in wave behavior.
The bouncing back of a wave when it hits a barrier.
What is refraction?
The bending of waves as they enter a different medium.
True or false: Diffraction occurs when waves spread out after passing through a narrow opening.
TRUE
What is interference?
The combination of two or more waves overlapping in space.
Fill in the blank: Constructive interference occurs when waves are in ______.
phase
What is destructive interference?
When waves are out of phase, reducing overall amplitude.
Define standing wave.
A wave that appears to be stationary, formed by interference.
What is a node in a standing wave?
A point of zero amplitude where the wave does not move.
What is an antinode?
A point of maximum amplitude in a standing wave.
True or false: Sound waves are longitudinal waves.
TRUE
What is the Doppler effect?
The change in frequency or wavelength due to relative motion.
Fill in the blank: The medium is the substance through which a wave ______.
travels
Define wave-particle duality.
The concept that waves exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties.
What is polarization?
The orientation of oscillations in a wave, typically in light.
True or false: Seismic waves are a type of mechanical wave.
TRUE
