PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY

Question 1

deals with how organisms survive in their environments, looks at extreme conditions

Answer 1

physiological ecology

Question 2

focus of physiological ecology

Answer 2

temperature
water
energy
environmental stressor

Question 3

body temperature can change over time over a wider range

Answer 3

ectothermic organism

Question 4

cold-blooded; body temperature is the same as the environment and fluctuates with the environment

Answer 4

poikilothermic animals

Question 5

point beyind which tolerance cannot be adjusted to further increase

Answer 5

absolute upper lethal limit

Question 6

point beyond which no further decrease in temperature is tolerated

Answer 6

absolute lower lethal limit

Question 7

maintain body temperature at a constant level irrespective of environmental temperature

Answer 7

homoiothermy

Question 8

unique metabolic process on which plant growth depends

Answer 8

photosynthesis

Question 9

inescapable physical consequence of the development of terrestrial vegetation

Answer 9

transpiration

Question 10

movement of water depends on the existence of gradients of decreasing water potential

Answer 10

water potential

Question 11

when cells are not fully turgid

Answer 11

water stress

Question 12

when plants are transpiring at an appreciable rate

Answer 12

mild water stress

Question 13

absorption of light energy by chlorophyll a and splitting of molecules of water

Answer 13

light reaction

Question 14

carbon is fixed in a carbohydrate

Answer 14

dark reaction

Question 15

shade tolerant species (shade-loving)

Answer 15

sciophyte

Question 16

shade intolerant species (sun-loving)

Answer 16

heliophyte

Question 17

promotes the development of vegetative structures

Answer 17

diffused light

Question 18

favors the development of flowers, fruits, seeds

Answer 18

intense light

Question 19

supplementary pigment of red alga that enable them to utilize energy and live at greater depths

Answer 19

phycoerythrings

Question 20

environmental stressors

Answer 20

climate change
nutritional availability
disease
exposure to toxins

Question 21

response of an organism to day length

Answer 21

photoperiodism

Question 22

species that flower when the day are longer

Answer 22

long day plants

Question 23

flower only conditions of short days and long night

Answer 23

short day plants

Question 24

are not affected by day length

Answer 24

day neutral

Question 25

environmental stressors

Answer 25

climate change nutritional variability disease exposure to toxins

Question 26

describes the patterns of population distribution and the factors affecting population growth and change

Answer 26

population ecology

Question 27

subset of individuals of one species that occupies a particular geographic area and, in sexually reproducing species, interbreeds

Answer 27

population

Question 28

probability of leaving descendants over long periods of time

Answer 28

persistence

Question 29

population size in relation to some unit of space; generally assayed and expressed as the number of individuals or the population biomass per unit area or volume

Answer 29

population density

Question 30

number or biomass per unit total space

Answer 30

crude density

Question 31

number or biomass per unit of habitat space

Answer 31

ecological density

Question 32

obtained by dividing the change by the period of time elapsed during change; rapidity with which something changes with time

Answer 32

population rate

Question 33

number of birth per year

Answer 33

birth rate

Question 34

inherent ability of a population to increase; production of new organisms ( born, hatched, germinated, arise by division )

Answer 34

natality

Question 35

theoretical maximum production of new individuals under ideal conditions; constant

Answer 35

maximum natality

Question 36

population increase under an actual or specific environmental conditions; not a constant for a population but may vary with the size and composition of the population

Answer 36

ecological or realized natality

Question 37

death of individuals in the population; death rate; number of individuals dying in a given period

Answer 37

mortality

Question 38

loss of individuals under a given environmental conditions

Answer 38

ecological or realized mortality