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Pickle Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

How do the authors define ‘serious mental illness’ (SMI)?

A

Disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression that substantially impair functioning

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2
Q

Approximately how many people with serious mental illness are booked into U.S. jails each year?

A

Over 2 million

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3
Q

Which of the following is a historical factor that contributed to criminalization?

A

Deinstitutionalization and underfunded community services

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4
Q

What was the significance of Thorazine (chlorpromazine) in mental health history?

A

It was the first effective antipsychotic, fueling deinstitutionalization

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5
Q

What does ‘cost-shifting’ mean in this context?

A

Moving mental health costs from hospitals to families, transferring responsibility for mental health care to the criminal justice system, requiring private insurance to cover more services, and lowering treatment costs by expanding Medicaid

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6
Q

The ‘dangerousness stereotype’ implies that:

A

People with SMI are often viewed as more violent than they actually are

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7
Q

Research shows that individuals with serious mental illness are:

A

Far more likely to be victims of crime than perpetrators

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8
Q

Limited civil rights for people with mental illness in the justice system may include:

A

Greater freedom in treatment refusal

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9
Q

Which is one of the authors’ goals for the future?

A

Reducing law enforcement training requirements

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10
Q

Approximate US Population with mental illness?

A

50 Million

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11
Q

Earliest form of ‘surgery’ to get rid of mental illness?

A

Trephination

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12
Q

When was the National Institute Of Mental Health Established?

A

1946

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13
Q

How are a majority of mentally ill people portrayed in dramas?

A

Violent

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14
Q

What was the major mental illness that was not treated after WW1 and WW2?

A

PTSD

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15
Q

What did early groups attribute to bad mental health?

A

Evil Spirits

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16
Q

What is the definition of Mental health?

A

The overall wellbeing of your emotional state

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17
Q

How is serious mental illness different from mental illness?

A

Serious mental illness creates obstacles in everyday life and is more severe such as schizophrenia, major depression and PTSD

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18
Q

Who was the first person to identify mental illness?

A

Hippocrates

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19
Q

What were the conditions like in early asylums?

A

Abusive, filthy, decrepit

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20
Q

What was the significance of Phineas Gage?

A

Railroad spike through the skull changed his personality leading to the invention of lobotomies

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21
Q

What is ‘mercy bookings’?

A

When an officer arrests someone with mental illness in hopes of getting them help

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22
Q

What year was the first asylum built?

A

1773

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23
Q

What is trephination?

A

Process of removing parts of the skull in order to release evil spirits

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24
Q

What was the average length of stay per patient admitted to state hospitals?

A

20 years

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25
What is Therapeutic Jurisprudence?
The idea that the criminal justice system has a responsibility to act as a welfare agent by making.
26
What did Dorothea Dix do?
Started petitioning more hospitals for mental health concerns and toured jails/prisons across the country.
27
What is stigma, and what are the two other types of stigma mentioned in class?
Negative stereotype and seen as a disgrace, and Public and Internal
28
What are the components of the criminal justice system?
Law enforcement, courts, corrections, sentencing, and prosecution
29
Explain what the 'criminalization of mental illness' was?
Deinstitutionalization of people with mental disorders, locked up, or placed in prison or other forms of brutal punishment instead of mental institutions, due to a desire to save money.
30
Explain one of the earliest 'treatments' of mental illness.
One of the earliest treatments used to cure the mentally ill was called trephination. This process involved removing parts of an individual’s skill in order to expose the brain and release the spirit trapped inside.
31
What are the 4 humors, name each.
The 4 humors, 'bad fluids', are blood, yellow bile, black bile and phlegm.
32
Who was considered to be the first psychologist? What was his significance?
Johann Weyer was considered to be the first psychologist, and he stated that 'witches' were actually those who were suffering from mental illness.
33
Who is Dorthea Dix? What was her significance?
Dorthea Dix started the first big change due to the severe conditions of the mentally ill in jails/prisons. She visited the inmates and noticed how awfully they were being treated and started speaking out about it. She also began the era of hospital confinement.
34
Who is Phineas Gage? What is his significance?
Phineas Gage was a man who had an accident involving a railroad spike being sent through his head and survived. His significance came from the study of his brain that helped scientists understand that different parts of the brain control different things.
35
What does the acronym NIMBY stand for?
Not in my backyard.
36
Who is Morton Birnbaum? What is his significance?
Morton Birnbaum was the first person to argue that those who were involuntarily hospitalized had the right to adequate treatment. He argued that the treatment must include initial and periodic assessments, individualized treatment plan, effort to give most effective treatments and that it needed to be given in the least restrictive environment possible.
37
What is structural stigma?
Structural stigma is written laws and policies in place that directly limit the rights of the mentally ill.
38
What is public stigma?
Public stigma is the negative attitudes and beliefs from individuals or groups towards people with mental illness
39
How did the media often portray those with mental illness? Why was this a problem?
The media often portrayed those with mental illness as criminals or violent people. They often made the characters seem extra crazy or that they were outcast members of society but for good reason. This is unfair because people who are mentally ill can be completely functioning members of society. This is misleading for the people consuming this media.
40
Which of the following best describes a mental health court?
A diversion program that connects individuals with mental illness to treatment instead of jail
41
One major challenge law enforcement faces when encountering individuals in crisis is:
Limited training in mental health crisis intervention
42
Deinstitutionalization in the U.S. led to:
A lack of long-term treatment options contributes to higher incarceration rates
43
Why are people with serious mental illness overrepresented in jails and prisons?
They often lack access to consistent treatment and support
44
Which professional is most likely to evaluate a defendant’s competency to stand trial?
Forensic psychologist or psychiatrist
45
A major barrier to providing adequate mental health care in prisons is:
Overcrowding and limited clinical staff
46
An ethical dilemma in mandated treatment is:
Ensuring that treatment respects individual autonomy while protecting public safety
47
Stigma around mental illness within the justice system can lead to:
Misinterpretation of symptoms as criminal behavior
48
Which policy change could best improve collaboration between mental health and criminal justice systems?
Increasing crisis intervention training for police officers
49
Diversion programs are designed primarily to:
Connect individuals with treatment and reduce recidivism
50
Where was the first asylum built?
Williamsburg, Virginia
51
Asylums would take anyone with mental illness even if they weren’t violent.
True
52
About what percent of mentally ill characters in shows were depicted as violent?
72%
53
What court case stated that a person sentenced to a state hospital must be given treatment?
Rouse v. Cameron
54
How much more likely are PWMI to be arrested than those without mental illness?
4x
55
Police started to be known as what due to their frequent contact with PWMI?
Street Corner Psychiatrists
56
How many people in the United States experience some sort of mental illness?
50 million Americans
57
What percentage of the US population experiences severe mental illness?
5%
58
Where does most of the information about mental illness in the cj system come from?
Jails and prisons
59
Why did early civilizations put holes in the skull?
to let out the demons
60
What was Hippocrates' method for treating conditions?
laxatives and surgery to cleanse the body of impurities
61
How did the ancient Greeks view the mentally ill?
They should be humanly cared for
62
What's the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist?
Psychologist can not prescribe meds
63
What was Benjamin Rush's idea?
Addiction and mental illness are medical diseases
64
When was the first asylum built?
1773
65
What is stigma?
Negative belief or perceptions of people based on an aspect of them
66
Define therapeutic jurisprudence?
Using laws and criminal justice to care for mental illness
67
Give three examples of the effects stigma has.
Stopping people who need help from getting help, infantilization of sufferers, assumed violent
68
Describe how people with mental illness are commonly portrayed in the media.
Violent
69
What is phrenology?
Bumps on the skull to see their personality
70
Describe two aspects of adequate treatment defined by courts.
Most effective care available and least restrictive
71
What were some effects of deinstitutionalization?
Many people with mental illness back in the community with no guaranteed support, reduction of mental hospitals, and mercy booking.
72
What are the two types of stigma?
Public and structural
73
What group sparked awareness for PTSD?
WW2 veterans
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