Plant Form & Function

Question 0

Two categories of vascular plants

Answer 0

Gymnosperms (like pines, needled, gingko) and Angiosperms (flowering types)

Question 1

Vascular plants contain

Answer 1

Xylem and phloem

Question 2

Two categories of angiosperms

Answer 2

Monocots & eudicots

Question 3

Features of monocots

Answer 3

Cotyledons: 1
Petals: multiples of 3
Leaf veins: parallel
Vasc. Bundle lxn: scattered
Roots: branching & fibrous

Question 4

Features of eudicots

Answer 4

Cotyledons: 2
Petals: multiples of 4-5
Leaf veins: webbed, branching
Vasc. Bdl: cylinder
Roots: main tap root

Question 5

Root fxn

Answer 5

1. Transport: conduct water
2. Anchor: keep in place
3. Store carbs
4. Adaptations:
   
   • support
   • storage
   • obtain O2
   • asexual reproduction

Question 6

Features of taproots

Answer 6

One main vertical root and/or lateral roots

Question 7

Root hairs feature

Answer 7

Extensions of epidermal cells of the root
Greatly increase surface area;
absorb water and minerals mostly near the root tip

Question 8

Growth of roots

Answer 8

Primary growth: Growth in length

Secondary growth: growth in girth (not all roots do this.)

Question 9

Stems functions (shoots)

Answer 9

1. Support leaves
2. Transport water & minerals in X; sugar in P
3. Adaptations: PS, storage, asexual reproduction
   Ex: potato = modified stem
   Rhizomes underground (ie. Irises)
   Stolons above ground (ie. Strawberries)

Question 10

Nodes

Answer 10

Points where leaves attach

Question 11

Internodes

Answer 11

Stem segments btw nodes

Question 12

Terminal (apical) bid

Answer 12

Tip of main shoot

Question 13

Lateral (axillary) buds

Answer 13

Lead to growth of lateral branches, found in upper angle btw leaf & stem

Question 14

Apical meristem

Answer 14

Tissue found in buds that leads to growth in length (primary growth) as well as leaves and flowers

Question 15

Leaves functions

Answer 15

1. Photosynthesis organ
2. Adaptations: support protection storage, reproduction
   Ex. Tendrils, onion layers, mother plant, bracts (pointsettia)

Question 16

Blade

Answer 16

Flattened part of leaf

Question 17

Petriole

Answer 17

Stalk of leaf

Question 18

Stomata

Answer 18

Openings in leaves that allow exchange of co2, h2o and O2

Question 19

Guard cells

Answer 19

Create opening to stomata
When full of water, turgid, stoma open
When flaccid, stoma closed

Question 20

Four types of plant tissues

Answer 20

1. Dermal
2. Ground
3. Vascular
4. Meristematic

Question 21

Fxn of dermal tissue

Answer 21

Skin, surface of plant, protection

Question 22

Epidermal cells

Answer 22

Cover the surface of leaves and herbaceous non-woody plants. Covered by a waxy cuticle to prevent water loss. In root these cells form root hairs

Question 23

Periderm

Answer 23

Cork cells replace epidermis inolder woody plant. protection