Regarding lobar pneumonia, which of the following statements is correct?
A It is more common in the young and elderly
B A change from red to grey hepatisation occurs
C It is not usually associated with a productive cough
D Rarely caused by streptococcus
B A change from red to grey hepatisation occurs
Definition of pnuemonia
Pneumonia is infection of the lung parenchyma, leading to inflammation and consolidation of the alveoli.
4 classic stages of pneumonia
- Day 1-2 Congestion
- Day 3-4 Red Hepatization
- Day 5-7 Grey Hepatization
- Day 8+ resolution
what happens in red hepatization of the lung in pneumonia
Lung resembles liver (firm, red)
Fibrin, neutrophils, RBCs in alveoli
what happens in Grey Hepatization in pneumonia
Disintegration of RBCs
Fibrinopurulent exudate dominates
Lung is firm but greyish
what is the most common organism in pneumonia
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common organism
Which of the following is not correct in relation to bronchogenic cysts?
A They are often connected to the tracheobronchial tree
B They may contain mucus
C They occasionally cause pneumothorax
D They may become dysplastic
A They are often connected to the tracheobronchial tree
Bronchogenic cysts occur anywhere in the lungs as a single or, on occasion, multiple cystic spaces. They are usually found adjacent to bronchioles but are rarely in communication with the tracheobronchial tree.
Which of the following options is correct in relation to bacterial pneumonias?
A Patchy consolidation of the lung is the dominant feature of a bronchopneumonia
B Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common virulent agent
C Alveolar clearance of bacteria is achieved by lymphocytes
D The nasopharynx is inconsequential in defending the lung against infection
A Patchy consolidation of the lung is the dominant feature of a bronchopneumonia
Alveolar clearance is achieved mainly by macrophages
What is the mechanism of edema in pleural effusion secondary to pneumonia?
A Increased venous pressure
B Leukocyte mediated inflammation
C Increased osmotic pressure
D Increased lymphatic flow
B Leukocyte mediated inflammation
What is the most common cause of pneumonia in an alcoholic?
A Klebsiella pneumoniae
B S. aureus
C E. coli
D Mycoplasma pneumoniae
A Klebsiella pneumoniae
A 20-year-old man who had a splenectomy as a child presents with rusty coloured sputum and fever. What is the most likely causative organism?
A Streptococcus pneumococcus
B Moraxella catarrhalis
C E. Col
D S. aureus
A Streptococcus pneumococcus
Lung abscesses are commonly associated with which pathogen?
A Strep pneumococcus
B Staph Aureus
C Mycoplasma pneumonia
D H Influenzae
A strep penumococcus
