Policy

Question 0

The two prevailing landmark telecommunications acts in the U.S.

Answer 0

• Communications act of 1934

* Telecommunications act of 1996

Question 1

ARPANET

Answer 1

• Predecessor to the Internet, created by the U.S. Department of Defense.
• Commissioned in 1973

Question 2

IETF

Answer 2

• Internet Engineering Task Force

* Standards body for the Internet

Question 3

NECA

Answer 3

• National Exchange Carrier Association
• Administers the fees long distance companies pay to access local telephone networks in the U.S.
• Manages the Universal Service Fund

Question 4

NANP

Answer 4

• North American Numbering Plan

* Administered by Neustar

Question 5

Three economic phenomena that regulators have long cited to justify government intervention in telecommunications markets

Answer 5

• Network effects
• Economies of scale and density
• Monopoly leveraging

Question 6

Network Effects

Answer 6

The value of the network to each user increases or decreases, respectively, with every addition or subtraction of other users to the network.

Question 7

Kingsbury Commitment of 1913

Answer 7

• Settled an anti-trust law suit filed by the DOJ
• AT&T committed to dispose of its holdings in Western Union
• Agreed to not purchase independent (i.e., non-Bell) telephone companies without the approval of the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)
• Agreed to interconnect with the independent telephone companies