What is released during condensation polymerisation?
- Water.
What are the 3 main types of condensation polymers? Formed from?
1.) Polypeptides. Formed from: condensation of amino acids.
2.) Polyamides. Formed from: condensation of diamine/ dicarboxylic acid.
3.) Polyester. Formed from: condensation of diol and dicarboxylic acid.
What’s formed in condensation reaction between dicarboxylic acid and diamine?
- Polyamide formed.
- One amide link.
- Trailing bonds.
- 1 water molecule released.
Ref to “Polymers” word dox for diagram.
Give 2 examples of polyamides and their uses.
- Example 1: kevlar.
- Uses: bulletproof vests, car tyres.
- Example 2: Nylon 6,6
- Uses: carpets, clothing.
What two monomers form Kevlar?
- Monomer 1: Benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid.
- Monomer 2: 1,4-diaminobenzene
Difference between drawing polymer vs repeat unit?
- Polymer: includes trailing bonds, brackets, small n.
- Repeat unit: doesn’t include brackets, small n.
Write WORD equation for formation of Kevlar.
Refer to “Polymers” Word dox. ensure you can draw normal symbol equation??!!
n Benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid + n 1,4-diamino benzene –> Kevlar (n) + 2n-1 H₂O
Refer to “Polymers” Word dox. ensure you can draw normal symbol equation??!!
What two monomers form Nylon 6,6?
- Monomer 1: hexanedioic acid.
- Monomer 2: 1,6-diamino hexane.
Write WORD equation for formation of Nylon 6,6.
Refer to “Polymers” Word dox. ensure you can draw normal symbol equation??!!
n Hexanedioic acid + n 1,6-diaminohexane –> Nylon 6,6 (n) + 2n-1 H₂O
Refer to “Polymers” Word dox. ensure you can draw normal symbol equation??!!
What is formed in condensation reaction between dicarboxylic acid and diol?
- Polyester formed.
- One ester link.
- Training bonds.
- 1 water molecule released.
When forming polyester from dicarboxylic acid and diol, where does OH and H come from to form water?
- OH from carboxylic acid.
- H from diol.
- Released 1 water molecule.
Refer to “Polymers” Word dox for diagram.
Give an example of a polyester and its uses.
- Example: Terylene.
- Uses: plastic bottles, clothes.
What two monomers form Terylene?
- Monomer 1: benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid.
- Monomer 2: Ethane-1,2-diol.
Write word equation for formation of Terylene.
Refer to “Polymers” Word dox. ensure you can draw normal symbol equation??!!
n Benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid + n ethane-1,2-diol –> Terylene (n) + 2n-1H₂O
Refer to “Polymers” Word dox. ensure you can draw normal symbol equation??!!
Why is Kevlar used in bulletproof vests and car tyres?
- Strong yet lightweight.
What process is used to breakdown polymers back into their monomers?Which polymers can breakdown by this process?
- Hydrolysis.
- Add water to polymer to break each link in the polymer.
- Polymers: polyesters, polyamides.
In what polymers will there be hydrogen bonds? Between what?
**1.) Polyamide. **
- Between: S- oxygen (in C=O bond) and S+ H (N-H) bond on two different polymer chains.
**2.) Polypeptide. **
- Between: S- oxygen (in C=O bond) and S+ H (in N-H bond) on two different polymer chains.
Why do polyamides contain hydrogen bonds?
- C(S+)=O(S-) on one polymer chain.
- N(S-) - H (S+) on another polymer chain.
- Hydrogen bond between O(S-) and H (S+)
Why are condensation polymers stronger than addition polymers?
- Polypeptides/ polyamides: hydrogen bonds/ permanent-dipole-dipole and Van der Waals.
- Polyesters: permanent-dipole-dipole attractions and Van der waals.
- Addition polymers: only have Van der Waals forces.
Where do the intermolecular forces exist in polymers?
- BETWEEN different polymer chains.
