What are Low-income countries (LICs)?
Countries with a low level of economic development
LICs are characterized by low gross national income (GNI) per capita.
What are High-income countries (HICs)?
Countries with a high level of economic development
HICs typically have a high gross national income (GNI) per capita.
What are Middle-income countries (MICs)?
Countries between LICs and HICs, many of which are Newly industrialised countries (NICs)
MICs have varying levels of economic development and GNI.
How is Gross National Income (GNI) per capita calculated?
Add the total value of all goods and services produced by the country and the income earned from investments abroad
GNI per capita is used for comparing the economic performance of different countries.
What is the predicted trend for world population growth according to the UN?
World population will continue to grow, though more slowly
Predictions include estimates on how population growth will change over time.
What was the estimated world population in 2024?
8,118,835,999
This estimate reflects ongoing population growth despite declining birth rates.
What has been the trend in the annual world population growth rate since the 1960s?
It is almost half of what it was during its peak
The growth rate is slowing down despite overall population increases.
Which continent has the highest population as of 2023?
Asia, with 4.7 billion people
Asia’s population is significant in global demographics.
Which two countries account for 37% of the world’s population?
India and China
India has been the most populous country since 2023.
What is the trend in natural population increase in Asia?
It is declining
Despite having the largest population, Asia’s growth rate is slowing.
What region is expected to see a significant increase in population in the future?
Africa
This increase will create challenges such as ensuring reliable water and food supplies.
What were the birth and death rates before 1750?
Both were high, leading to little growth in world population
High birth rates and death rates limited population increases.
What happened to death rates after 1750?
They dropped rapidly to about 20 deaths per 1000 people
Birth rates remained high at 35 live births per 1000.
What is a population explosion?
The rapid and dramatic rise in population of an area
It is caused by high birth rates and low death rates.
What are some reasons for population explosion?
- Improved medical care
- Improved sanitation and water supply
- Improvements in food production
- Improved transport
- Decrease in child mortality
These factors contribute significantly to population growth.
Name the 3 countries with the highest household wealth
USA
Switzerland
Belgium
CASE STUDY - READ
Name an African Country experiencing a rise in population
Niger
CASE STUDY - READ
How can governments slow down population growth in a country such as Niger?
- Teach people about family planning
- Raise the marriage age
What is Population Density?
Describes the average number of people living in a given area, calculated by dividing the total population by the area of land (usually km²).
What does Population Distribution refer to?
How a population is spread out around a country or an area.
What characterizes densely populated areas?
Lots of people living close together in large urban areas, e.g., north-east USA.
What characterizes sparsely populated areas?
Few or no people living in areas such as mountainous regions and deserts, e.g., central Australia.
What is the formula for calculating population size?
Birth rate – Death rate + Migration.
What is Migration?
Movement of people (or animals) from one country or region to another.
