Port

Question 1

What is lei do tergo?

Answer 1

“Law of the third”

Question 2

What is beneficio authorization?

Answer 2

• the maximum amount of wine maybe fortified in a given year

- based on a matrix of twelve factors

Question 3

Name the 7 soil and climate factors scored by the VDP which grants beneficio authorization.

Answer 3

Location
Altitude
Exposure
Bedrock
Rough Matter
Slope
Shelter

Question 4

What are the 5 factors relating to the vine which the IVDP scores for beneficio authorization?

Answer 4

• type of vine
• planting density
• yield
• training system
• vine age

Question 5

What is the maximum yield for red grapes in the Douro?

Answer 5

55 hl/ha

Question 6

What is the maximum yield for white grapes in the Douro?

Answer 6

65 hl/ha

Question 7

What are the 9 red grapes of Porto?

Answer 7

Touriga Nacional
Touriga Francesca
Tinta Roriz
Tinta Barroca
Tinta Amarela
Tinta Francisca
Bastardo
Mourisco Tinto
Tinto Cao

Question 8

What percentage much the main red porto grapes contribute to the blend?

Answer 8

60%

Question 9

Name the 6 white port grapes?

Answer 9

Gouveio
Malvasia Fina
Viosinho
Rabigato
Esgana Cao
Folgasao

Question 10

What is Vinhos ao Alta?

Answer 10

a new planting system that abandons traditional terraces in favor of planting vines in vertical rows directly up the slopes.

Question 11

What are patamares?

Answer 11

wider terraces of the Douro’s vineyards that can be navigated by tractor.

Question 12

True or False:

Grapes are hand harvested in the Douro.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

What are Lagares?

Answer 13

low, open granite troughs in which port grapes were traditionally crushed by foot.

Question 14

Describe Autovinifiers.

Answer 14

an algerian vinification technology in which the fermenting wine would be pumped over the cap by virtue of its own build up of gas

Question 15

How many days is Port fermented?

Answer 15

2-3 days

Question 16

What is beneficio? When does it occur?

Answer 16

The fortification of wine with spirit. Occurs when approximately 1/3 of the sugar content has been converted to alcohol.

Question 17

What is aguardente?

Answer 17

“burning water”

a 77% abv neutral grape spirit

Question 18

What is the French term for beneficio?

Answer 18

Mutage

Question 19

What is a pipe?

Answer 19

-the traditional barrel used for both aging and shipping
port wine?
-Pipes in the Douro Valley usually hold 550L
-Pipes in Villa Nova de Gaia 620 liters
-Pipes used for shipping are 523.24 liters

Question 20

How are Ruby and Tawny ports aged?

Answer 20

Ruby Port( including vintage port)- aged in bottle
Tawny Port-aged in barrel

Question 21

Where was port mandatory to be aged until 1986?

Answer 21

In Port Lodges of Vila Nova de Gaia

-a suburb of Oporto

Question 22

Describe the requirements of Ruby Port.

Answer 22

• most expensive style of Port
• constitutes 1-3% of production
• vintages only declare in exceptional harvests-typically 3 years out of every decade

Question 23

Name the 5 styles of Ruby Port.

Answer 23

Ruby
Ruby Reserve
Vintage
Single Quinta Vintage
Late-Bottled Vintage

Question 24

What is “Vintage Character”?

Answer 24

A term replaced by “Ruby Reserve” or “Premium Ruby”

-offers more complexity and character than a basic Ruby Port

Question 25

What is a Single Quinta Vintage Port?

Answer 25

- the product of one estate's harvest - if a Port house cannot confidently declare a vintage, it may nonetheless showcase fruit of one of it's better estates as a vintage wine.

Question 26

Give 3 examples of Single Quinta Ports.

Answer 26

- Warre's: Quinta da Cavadinha - Taylor's: Quinta da Vargellas - Dow's Quinta da Bomfim

Question 27

Describe a Late-Bottled-Vintage Port.

Answer 27

LBV Port Spends between 4-6 years in cask prior to bottling. This creates mellowed tones of tawny with the youthfulness directness of Ruby.

Question 28

What contributes to a basic Tawny Port's pale style? | for many wines labeled "Tawny Port"

Answer 28

Not extensive oak aging which is critical to the style but: - provenance of grapes - a less-thorough extraction - the addition of white port to the blend

Question 29

What does "Envelhecido em Garrafa" indicate on a LBV port label?

Answer 29

an additional 3 years of bottle aging.

Question 30

What is a "Reserve Tawny"?

Answer 30

a tawny port aged for at least 7 years prior to bottling -blended from several vintages, retains some youthful freshness, while gaining a hint of the creamy, delicate nature of a true Tawny.

Question 31

True or False: | Tawny with indication of age (10,20,30, or 40 years old is an average of the blended wines in the bottle.

Answer 31

False: it is an approximation. The IVDP deems a port labeled "10 year tawny port" to taste like a 10 year old tawny regardless of the wine's actual age.

Question 32

At what age do most port connoisseurs prefer tawny port?

Answer 32

20 years of age, when the balance of fruit and mature characteristics are even, the spirit is finely integrated and the wine is not overtly oxidized

Question 33

What is a Colheita Tawny Port?

Answer 33

A vintage dated port that spends a minimum of 7 years in cask-many stay in cask for decades.