PPV is characterized by:
a. Occurrence of large numbers of mummified fetuses
b. Increase in the number of returns to estrus
c. Small litters
d. Failures to farrow
e. Decreased farrowing rate
f. Rarely abortion
How many months does PPV persist in contaminated surfaces?
4 months
Useful feature in the laboratory identification of PPV
Ability to hemagglutinate erythrocytes
PPV is shed in
feces and other secretions
PPV first replicates in the
tonsils and oronasal cavities
Fetal infection during the first 35 days of gestation causes
death and resorption of embryos, resulting in irregular returns to estrus or reduced litter size
Infection between 35 and 70 days results in
fetal death and mummification
Cells especially affected by PPV
Mitotically active capillary endothelium and neurons
The major and only well-established clinical sign of PPV
Maternal reproductive failure
Hallmark sign of PPV
Increase in mummified fetuses after a normal gestation period
Most important lesion observed with PPV
Mummified fetuses
Most common sequel to PPV infection
Embryonic death followed by resorption of fluids and soft tissues
Mummification is typical of PPV infection, it is caused by
Congestion, edema, hemorrhage with accumulation of serosanguinous fluids in body cavities and hemorrhagic discoloration
Suggestive of PPV
lack of illness in dams, increased mummies, irregular returns to estrus, decreased litter size
Preferred specimen for diagnosis
Lung tissue from mummified fetuses that are less than 16 cm long
Best way to prevent PPV
Vaccinate all susceptible breeding stock twice, two weeks apart, weeks before breeding
