practice exam

Question 1

What do you add to a gram stain in order to fix the dye in the bacterial wall? In what step does this occur?

Answer 1

Gram iodine, step 2

Question 2

A patient comes in with a bacterial infection. You suggest to your attending physician that you use a antibiotic that specifically attacks the linkages between the peptides within the bacterial cell wall by using lysozyme. How do you classify these linkages you are attacking?

Answer 2

B 1,4

Question 3

What component of LPS is the most variable within species?

Answer 3

O antigen

Question 4

8. Many bacteria can be identified based on the end product they make using what process?

Answer 4

fementaion

Question 5

A new antibiotic is being created to attack Peptidoglycan synthesis. This antibiotic specifically blocks the active site of the transglycosylase enzyme group. A buildup of what will occur outside of the bacterial membrane?

Answer 5

NAG-NAM-pentapeptide

Question 6

Evan is hungry so he decides to eat a gas station sandwich, only to find out he got a bacterial infection in his GI tract the next day. The doctor takes a culture, and finds out that there have been massive regions of bacterial genomes moving within the population. What are these regions called?

Answer 6

pathogenicity islands

Question 7

aminoglycosides

Answer 7

affects protein synthesis

Question 8

20. What is usually used in conjunction with sulfamethoxazole to treat UTI’s?

Answer 8

Trimethoprim

Question 9

Which of the following is a mechanical barrier to protect from pathogen entry?

Answer 9

cilia

Question 10

What is the universal signal for quorum sensing?

Answer 10

Al-2

Question 11

What is the biggest challenge to a viral life cycle?

Answer 11

Availability of cellular DNA replication machinery