Define inductive learning
a change in behaviour as a result of experience or input that centres the participant
What has inductive research found?
people learn best by doing
What is ‘experiencing’?
the activity phrase
What is ‘publishing’?
Sharing reactions and observations
What is ‘processing’?
Discussing patterns and dynamics
What is ‘generalising’?
Developing real-world principles
What is ‘applying’?
Planning effective use of learning
What is reflective practice?
helps us to become aware of our underlying beliefs and assumptions so we understand why we do what we do
How is counselling defined by Geldard?
counselling is a special way of helping people which involves the use of particular verbal, non-verbal and relationship skills in order to facilitate change so that the person being helped can feel better and discover new ways of thinking and behaving
Why do we need a framework?
Professional identity
What is professional identity?
the possession of core values, beliefs and assumptions about the unique characteristics of one’s selected profession that differentiates it from other professions
What is the Head, Hands and Heart Framework?
Head = knowledge Hands = practical and bringing theory to practice Heart = compassion
What is a framework?
- a coherent statement of ideas, principles and beliefs that guide our action in practice
- is used as a tool to assist reflection, coherence of ethical integrity and make sure what we do matches our stated theoretical and philosophical positions
What is the order of the pyramid from bottom to top?
- Values (professional and personal)
- Epistemology
- Approach/Theory
- Skills
Define Epistemology
- Theory of knowledge “knowing what we know”
- Philosophical
Explain the modernist approach
counsellors can act as objective observers of the unconscious, mental structures or environmental contingencies that represent the client’s personal deficits
How are therapists positioned in modernist approaches?
positioned as an expert and privileges therapists knowledge’s both regarding the problem and the resolution
What are the modernist assumptions?
- Clients are able to accurately acknowledge what they are experiencing
- These experiences can be communicated to the counsellor through language
- through language, counsellors can gain an accurate understanding of the experience their client is conveying
- counsellor can then draw on universal law of human functioning (counselling theory) to impact a corrective or healing intervention
- Clients, like all people, have a relatively stable psychological core or personality, changes to personal psychology will generalise to situations outside of counselling
Explain the post-modern approach
- Problems that people face are understood as patterns of attention and meaning that are individually and socially constructed
- belief that language cannot accurately represent original experiences
How does the post modern approach position clients?
Clients as experts and privileges client’s local knowledge regarding the problem and its resolution
What is a theory?
a system of inferences, assumptions, and interactions drawn from observations and experiences
