Practice Q's

Question 1

How to test for automatic head righting reaction?

Answer 1

Hold kid in vertical suspension & observe head position while gently tilting kid from side-to-side & front-to-back

*Typically develops ~3-4 mths

Question 2

T or F: air filled cushions do NOT provide relief

Answer 2

False

Question 3

A client who has BPD lives w/ a spouse & is working in OT on vocational goals. During an intervention session, the pt shares w/ the OTR that their current living situation is safe & stable, but there have been frequent occurrences of intimate partner violence in the past. What action is BEST for the OT to take in this situation?

A. Assist pt to identify the strength of relationship

B. Empower the pt to develop a personalized safety plan

C. Educate pt on phases associated w/ the cycle of abuse

Answer 3

B. Empower the pt to develop a personalized safety plan

Question 4

A 6 yr old pt has a developmental delay associated w/ multiple hospitalizations for a congenital heart defect. The parents currently provide in-home care to meet the kid’s ongoing medical needs & daily ADL. One of the intervention goals is to teach the parents method for including in-home playtime into daily routines. What info is MOST BENEFICIAL for the OT to provide the parents for supporting this goal?

A. Explanation abt the benefits of playtime for the typically developing kid

B. Guidance on directing specific play sequences for age-appropriate activities

C. Strategies for developing accessible play spaces the kid can access independently

Answer 4

C. Strategies for developing accessible play spaces the kid can access independently

Question 5

Which data collection set is part of a comprehensive assessment completed by a home health agency to support payment from Medicare for home health services?

Answer 5

OASIS

Question 6

Minimum Data Set (MDS)

Answer 6

A standardized assessment used to monitor the QUALITY OF CARE provided to residents in nursing home covered by medicare & medicaid

Question 7

An OT working in an outpt setting is completing an initial interview w/ an older adult pt who has recently been diagnosed w/ a progressive neurological disease. What method should the OT use during the course of the interview to communicate effective listening & client-centered understanding?

Answer 7

Share examples of adaptions that help to overcome adversity

Question 8

A resident of a SNF has Wernicke’s aphasia secondary to a left CVA & is frustrated during intervention sessions. Which communication techniques should the OT use to limit the resident’s frustration?

A. Alphabet & low tech communication boards

B. Sign language & written instructions

C. Hand gestures & tatile cues

Answer 8

C. Hand gestures & tatile cues

Question 9

Which interprofessional team member would be MOST BENEFICIAL for an OT to refer a middle school student who has expressed suicidal ideation?

A. Social worker

B. Psychologist

C. Physician

Answer 9

C. Physician

Question 10

An OT is planning an intervention session for a 6-yr old kid who has fetal alcohol syndrome. The kid has difficulty coping when frustrated & frequently refuses to speak in social situations & during therapy. The OT has attempted to engage the kid using play therapy & sensory-based approaches, but the kid refuses to participate. How should the OOT modify the intervention approach based on the kid’s responses during previous interventions?

A. Engage the kid in computer games that promote positive feedback

B. Use role-play scenarios abt interacting w/ super heroes

C. Include expressive media using cartoon character puppetry

Answer 10

C. Include expressive media using cartoon character puppetry

Question 11

An OT is leading a community based class for self-referred pt’s who have rheumatoid arthritis. Through class discussion & observation, the OT determines that one of pt’s in the class would benefit from bilateral hand orthotics. After discussing this observation w/ the pt & determining the pt intends to pay for services using insurance benefits, what action should the OT take NEXT to address the pt’s needs?

Answer 11

Understand state regulatory requirements for direct access to OT services

Question 12

What tracts are involved in rigidity?

Answer 12

Extrapyramidal pathways of the basal ganglia

Question 13

What tracts are involved in spasticity?

Answer 13

Involvement of the pyramidal systems consisting of the corticospinal tract

Question 14

What reflex is a common sign of spasticity?

Answer 14

Babinski

Question 15

What reflex is hyperactive in spasticity?

Answer 15

The muscle spindle’s phasic stretch reflex

Question 16

An OT is about to conduct an eval of a student who has a developmental delay & is transitioning from preschool to kindergarten. Which date gathering method will provide OT w/ MOST OBJECTIVE info about the student’s occupations?

A. Structured interview

B. Standardized Assessment

C. Review of previous records

Answer 16

B. Standardized assessment

Question 17

An adolescent was recently admitted to an inpatient psychiatry unit due to symptoms associated w/ a conduct disorder. Evaluation results indicate the adolescent has a poor self-concept, decreased fine& gross motor coordination, and is socially aggressive. What should be the focus of the INITIAL sessions w/ this adolescent?

A. Presenting options for pre-vocational exploration & practice

B. Encouraging participation in self-expression group activities

C. Providing opportunities for success in a consistent structured environment

D. Enhancing physical abilities for completing responsibilities at home

Answer 17

C. Providing opportunities for success in a consistent structured environment

Question 18

An OT is working w/ a 5 year old kid who has severe spastic diplegic CP & will soon be attending kindergarten. The kid has been approved for a power w/c. Before beginning training in use of chair in a school setting, which client factor is MOST IMPORTANT for the OT to re-eval?

A. UE ROM

B. Object permanence

C. Visual perceptual skills

Answer 18

C. Visual perceptual skills

Question 19

How would you test for neck on body righting reactions in an 8 mth infant?

Answer 19

Place in supine & observe body movements while rotating the child’s head to one side & then to the other

Question 20

For a typically developing kid, which postural reflex becomes evident between 6-9 mths of age & continues throughout life?

Answer 20

Forward protective extension

Question 21

What is a deficit in emergent awareness?

Answer 21

Characterized by difficulty or inability to recognize & correct errors in performance, considered to be an area of executive function

Question 22

What info MUST be included. in a letter of medical necessity for a w/c prescription? (3 things)

Answer 22

(1) Results of a face-to-face mobility eval

(2) Justification for each recommended feature

(3) Statement related to pt’s enhanced participation in frequently performed activities

Question 23

An OT is evaluating the biceps strength of pt recovering from a musculocutaneous nerve injury. The OT asks the pt to fully flex the elbow while the pt is seated upright w/ the shoulder adducted, the elbow fully extended, and the forearm in supination. The OT observes that the pt’s forearm consistently moves into mid-position on each attempt to flex the elbow despite prompting the pt to maintain the forearm in supination. What conclusion can OT make based on this observation?

Answer 23

Brachioradialis is substituting for the weaker prime mover –> brachioradioalis is innervated by radial nerve & is substituting for the weak biceps (innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve)

Question 24

An OT is fabricating a hand orthosis for a 10 yr old kid who has progressive UE symptoms secondary to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. What is the PRIMARY purpose for fabricating this orthosis?

A. To prevent ulnar drift & swan neck deformities

B. To improve function for active grasp & release

C. To rest the hand during periods of acute pain

Answer 24

B. To improve function for active grasp & release

*charcot-marie-tooth disease is a neuro disorder impacting voluntary muscle control & strength

Question 25

An OT who works in an inpatient rehab setting is using the FIM as a clinical measurement tool to eval & monitor the progress of a pt who had a stroke. What. additional info can the OT obtain from interpreting the results of the FIM w/ this patient? A. Health outcomes for the patient related to stroke, including I/ADLs & participation levels B. Pt potential to return to daily activities at home & in the community C. The future d/c status of the pt related to level of assistance required for the pt to perform self-care tasks

Answer 25

C. The future d/c status of the pt related to level of assistance required for the pt to perform self-care tasks

Question 26

Describe "Direct supervision" as required of Level 2 FW students?

Answer 26

Line of sight supervision - supervisor provides direct observation of performance

Question 27

An OT completing a feeding eval of a 4-yr old pt w/ mild hypotonia, immature oral motor control, and oral hypersensitivity. The kid sits in a standard dining chair during meals & requires mod to max assistance from a caregiver for feeding. When attempting to swallow foo the kid hyperextends the neck, elevates both shoulders & has poor lip closure. What info should the OT include in the INITIAL caregiver instructions based on this observation? A. Methods for using cryotherapy to stimulate facial muscles B. Handling techniques for facilitating full forward neck flexion during feeding C. Adaptive positioning techniques for promoting trunk alignment D. Neuromuscular facilitation techniques for promoting head & trunk stability

Answer 27

C. Adaptive positioning techniques for promoting trunk alignment

Question 28

What info MUST be documented in the Individualized Education Program plan for students who meet eligibiltiy criteria for OT services? A. Number of therapy mins required for each OT session B. Statement of medical necessity for skilled school based OT services C. Beginning & ending dates including location of OT services

Answer 28

C. Beginning & ending dates including location of OT services

Question 29

A young adult pt w/ high functioning ASD attends a community based day program. The pt goes to a restaurant for lunch 2x per week w/ staff & other clients from the program. The pt enjoys this activity but becomes extremely anxious & engages in negative self-stimulation behaviors when it is time to transition from center activities to go to the restaurant. One of the intervention goals is to help the pt learn to manage these behaviors during this transition time. What strategy would be MOST EFFECTIVE to include as part of the intervention for supporting this goal?

Answer 29

Develop a social story

Question 30

An OT works for a large hospital system that provides a range of services including medical care & elective surgeries for pediatric & adult populations. For each scheduled shift, the OT is assigned to a different pt care unit based on the daily census. What ethical obligation does the OT have for upholding professional responsibilities in this situation?

Answer 30

Engage in a variety of professional development activities to ensure continuing competence

Question 31

An OT employed by a Center for Independent Living (CIL) provides OT services to community dwelling persons w/ disabilities. A parent w/ a complete SCI asks the OT for recs for play activities that they can independently do w/ their kids, ages 8 & 10. Which is the best adapted activity for the OT to recommend? A. An arts & craft project using a mouth stick brush to paint B. A woodworking project using a universal cuff to hold tools C. A board game using tenodesis grasp to move pieces D. A computer game using a typing stick to keyboard

Answer 31

C. A board game using tenodesis grasp to move pieces

Question 32

An individual who incurred a cerberovascular accident (CVA) 6 mths ago is receiving outpt OT to address residual cognitive-perceptual deficits (i.e. unilateral inattention & spatial relations impairments). The individual drives daily despite strong suggestions from family members to discontinue the activity. The family. shares their concerns about the pt's capabilities to drive safely w/ the OT. Which is the best action for the therapist to take in response to these expressed concerns? A. Report pt to department of motor vehicles B. Suggest the pt attend a driver training program C. Report the info the pt's physician D. Validate the family concerns about the pt's driving risk

Answer 32

C. Report the info the pt's physician

Question 33

A 6 yr old has thumb weakness that is most evident in the kid's ability to perform thumb opposition. During eval, which activity will the OT most likely observe the kid having difficulty performing? A. Rolling a piece of clay into a ball B. Turning a pencil over to erase C. Picking up coins D. Separating 2 pieces of paper

Answer 33

B. Turning a pencil over to erase - this is a complex rotation that would be very difficult w/o opposition

Question 34

A young adult w/ a diagnosis of schizophrenia is scheduled to be discharged from an inpt setting to a halfway house & psychosocial clubhouse. The OT is working w/ the team to plan d/c. Which is the most important info for the OT to provide to the team about this person?

Answer 34

Person's IADL skills

Question 35

A kid w/ spinal muscle atrophy can no longer reach beyond 90° of shoulder ABduction & 90° of shoulder flexion. The parent's state that the kid can no longer don/doff a t-shirt. Which is the best approach for the OT to recommend the kid use for dressing? A. Place t-shirt directly on kid's lap, have kid don arms first then don the head head of t-shirt B. Have kid learn to don/doff front-opening shirts instead of t-shirts C. Have kid support the elbows on a table at chest height to don the t-shirt over arms then over the head D. Have kid sit w/ trunk well supported, lean right & don right arm, repeat on left side to don left arm, then don head

Answer 35

C. Have kid support the elbows on a table at chest height to don the t-shirt over arms then over the head

Question 36

A newly hired COTAA is instructed by director of rehab to supervise 2 hospital volunteers as they learn how to assist pt's in safely completing bed to w/c transfers. The COTA informs the supervising OT of the director's request. Which is the first action the OT should take in response to this request? A. Advise the COTA to comply w/ request B. Advise COTA to refuse the request C. Observe the COTA to assess service competence in transfer training D. Explain to director of rehab why the request is inappropriate

Answer 36

D. Explain to director of rehab why the request is inappropriate - hospital volunteers are NOT healthcare professionals & cannot perform transfers

Question 37

The parents of 2 yr old kid w/ spina bifida express concern to the home-health OT about their kid's complete disinterest in toilet training. At what point should the OT advise the parents to begin toilet training?

Answer 37

when the kid's indicates discomfort w/ being wet or soiled (first skills of toileting)

Question 38

A clubhouse program hires an OT as a consultant. The clubhouse board of directors requests that the OT focus on the development of evening & weekend leisure activities. Which recs should the OT make for the selection & completion of the group activities? A. Activities to be selected & completed by clubhouse members according to guidelines provided by the therapist B. Activities to be selected by OT w/ written instructions provided to group attendees for activity completion C. Activities to be selected by clubhouse members w/ activity completion led by the clubhouse members

Answer 38

C. Activities to be selected by clubhouse members w/ activity completion led by the clubhouse members

Question 39

An OT becomes aware of the practice of a colleague who conducts an outpt energy conservation class for people w/ arthritis. This colleague has been sending the names of class participants to a vendor who sells AE. Which action is best for the OT to take in response to this situation?

Answer 39

Advise the therapist to disclose this practice & if they refuse, report the therapist to the outpt program director NBCOT only investigates repots that have resulted in a negative outcome

Question 40

A pt w/ borderline personality project is admitted to the hospital following a suicide attempt. After attending an OT orientation group, the pt tells the OT, "You are the only therapist who has been really helpful". The pt asks to meet w/ the therapist on a regular basis instead of the assigned primary individual therapist. Which action is best for the the OT to take in response to pt's request? A. Refer the pt to the assigned primary individual therapist B. Agree to meet w/ the pt since a positive therapeutic connection has been expressed C. Tell the pt that an OT provides only occupation based group treatment D. Explain that this type of manipulative behavior is not acceptable

Answer 40

A. Refer the pt to the assigned primary individual therapist

Question 41

An adolescent student w/ Duchenne muscular dystrophy & depression is being evaluated for a power w/c. Which is the most important area to considered during the OT eval of the student to determine their readiness for the w/c?

Answer 41

Cognitive skills - recall similar CP q where answer was visuospatital skills ... important skills for w/c readiness

Question 42

A pt w/ a TBI has an extensor synergy & tends to push against the back of the w/c. Which is the best w/c seating & positioning option for the OT to recommend for this client?

Answer 42

Anti-thrust cushion

Question 43

An OT is evaluating a kid w/ developmental delay characterized by hypotonicity. According to the Rood approach, which is the first stability pattern that the therapist should facilitate during intervention?

Answer 43

Neck co-contraction - Neck co-contraction (first stability pattern) --> Prone on elbows --> Quadruped --> Standing --> Walking

Question 44

An individual who has Parkinson's Disease presents w/ poor trunk rotation during ambulation & while performing ADL. According to neurophysiologic approaches, which is the most effective therapeutic intervention for the OT to use w/ this person? A. Facilitation of trunk rotation using neurodevelopmental handling techniques B. Slow rolling w/ the person supine w/ knees & hips flexed C. Engagement in ADL tasks using diagonal patterns D. Provision of a rolling walker to compensate for limited rotation & enhance mobility

Answer 44

C. Engagement in ADL tasks using PNF diagonal patterns Neurophysiologic approaches include: NDT/bobath, Brunnstrom, Rood, CIMT, and PNF - A is NDT - B is rood - D is NOT a neurophysiological approach - PNF is only one that can be used in combo w/ ADLs & not in preparation

Question 45

A pt with a right below-elbow amputation begins prosthetic training w/ a body powered myoelectric prosthesis. The OT collabs w/ the pt to begin training in the use of the terminal device to grasp & release objects. Which elbow position is best for the OT to place the pt's elbow in during grasp & release activities?

Answer 45

Flexed at 90° w/ forearm in neutral

Question 46

An opthalmologist refers a pt w/ macular degeneration to an OT for a low vision eval. Which eval is the best for the therapist to use w/ the pt? A. Clock assessment B. Warren Text Card C. Flower Design Card D. Low contrast flip card

Answer 46

A. Clock assessment - used to assess presence and/or location of scotomas (could also be useful for diabetic retinopathy as well) - warren text card: assesses amt of magnification one needs to read - Flower design card: determines one's dominant eye - low contrast flip card: assess ability to see detail at low contrast levels (not the best answer)

Question 47

A person recovering from a skin graft due to full thickness burns is prescribed orthoses to immobilize the grafted areas in anti-deformity position. Which orthosis wearing schedule is best to include in the splinting protocol for the first 72 hours post-surgery?

Answer 47

on AAT except dressing changes ~ typically last for 5-10 days post-graft

Question 48

An individual attends an outpt parenting skills group. The person has a hx of serious recurrent depression & is taking Nardil. The pt complains of recurrent headaches & difficulty focusing during the day (ex: when helping kids w/ hw). Which action is best for the OT to make in response to the pt's expressed concerns? A. Instruct pt in stress reduction techniques B. Ask the group for suggestions on how to deal w/ parenting stress of hw C. Suggest that the individual consult w/ a nurse practitioner for headache relief strategies D. Tell the pt you will be notifying the psychiatrist of these complaints

Answer 48

D. Tell the pt you will be notifying the psychiatrist of these complaints - Nardil is a MAOI, w/ serious side effects when person eats certain foods: headaches & heart palpitations are the first signs - other common MAOI: Marplan, Emsam, parnate "Sam didn't PLAN he ATE DIL & had a stroke"

Question 49

A pt w/ CRPS Type 1 receives outpt OT services. The OT plans interventions to address the pt's goals to engage in meaningful occupations. Which PAM should the OT use in preparation for occupation based outcomes? A. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) B. Contrast baths C. Whirlpool D. None b/c PAMs are contraindicated

Answer 49

B. Contrast baths - according to therapy ed contrast baths are preferred PAM for CRPS or fluidotherapy (not listed) - Other CRPS PAMs: cold pack, retrograde massage, Coban wrap, desensitization

Question 50

Phases & ages of emotional regulation development

Answer 50

Neurphysiologic modulation phase (2-3 mths) --> Control phase (12-18 mths) --> Self-control phase (24-48 mths)

Question 51

Describe the neurophysiologic modulation phase of emotional regulation

Answer 51

Occurrs between 2-3 mths old - ability to regulate arousal & activate organized patterns of bx

Question 52

Control phase of emotional regulation

Answer 52

Occurs between 12-18 mths - emerging awareness of social demands - varying levels of inhibition & compliance - self-initiated monitoring related to an understanding of consequences

Question 53

Self control phase of emotional regulation

Answer 53

Occurs between 12-18 mths - emerging awareness of social demands - varying levels of inhibition & compliance - self initiated monitoring related to an understanding of consequences

Question 54

Describe self-control phase of emotional regulation

Answer 54

24-48 mths - emerging sense of indentity - knowledge of social skills - minimal flexibility - adaption to change

Question 55

At what age does constructive play start?

Answer 55

by age 4 (can be age 3-4)

Question 56

Examples of input controls

Answer 56

- joystick - track balls - touch screens - eye tracking systems

Question 57

What is alternative input?

Answer 57

Any type of software that allows individuals to interact w/ a device in a nontraditional way

Question 58

What is the power card technique?

Answer 58

Addresses social skills for individuals w/ ASD by listing steps of desired behavior on a card w/ a picture of their special interest