Positive politeness
offering approval, sympathy and compliments
Negative politeness
offering apologies, showing respect maintaining social distant
Meaning
the main point of the speech act
Presupposition
An assumption of initial meaning ex. “I wonder if Pat went in the websitee and checked her grade.” - Pat’s grade is on the website
Analysis
The analysation of the speech act ex. “The air conditioner should be on” - Requesting by Declarative
Maxim
the rule of acceptable behavior ex. maxim of quantity = not giving too much of a thing. maxim of quality = must be truthful to the expected quality
Pragmatic
Study of underlying/hidden meaning
Physical Context
context based on physical surroundings
Linguistic Context
context based on information that has already been shared in the discussion
Social Context
context based on social relationship of the people involved in the communication
Reference
Referring to something
Anaphoric Reference
Refer back to the already mentioned antecedent ex. Cupid is so dumb. I look for his arrows every day. I guess he got lost or flew away.
Cataphoric Reference
Refer foward to an antecedent. ex. Take a look at me, the perfect specimen.
Deixis
Linguistic expressions that can’t be fully understood without context like here and there, this or that, now or then, yesterday, today or tomorrow. you, me, she, him, it, them. ex. You’ll need to bring it back.
Inferrence
Inferring
Presupposition
Guessing the context before deep analysis
Declarative
Giving statement
Interrogative
Question
Imperative
Command
