Where are the training requirements listed for Part 61 commercial pilot certification?
61.123 - eligibility
61.125 - aeronautical knowledge
61.127 - flight proficiency (maneuvers)
61.129 - aeronautical experience
Where are the commercial pilot certification requirements located for students training under part 141? How can you determine you meet the eligibility requirements?
14 CFR Part 141, Appendix D.
Follow the 141 syllabus and satisfactorily complete all events.
What is the age requirement to receive a commercial pilot’s license?
18 years old
What are your privileges as a commercial pilot?
Act as PIC of an aircraft for compensation or hire.
Act as PIC of an aircraft carrying persons or property for compensation or hire.
Could you buy an aircraft and offer to fly people around for a fee?
No, not unless an Air Operator certificate is obtained and operated under the rules of part 121 or 135.
Without an AOC, what are some ways to be compensated as a commercial pilot?
You can fly FOR a commercial operator or air carrier, but you cannot be the commercial operator, unless the operation is one of the part 119.1(e) exceptions. You could get paid to fly Part 91 corporate, provided you do not have operational control of the airplane and the flying is merely incidental to the business itself.
What is “operational control”?
To have authority over initiating, conducting, or terminating a flight. (Liable for the flight’s regulatory compliance and safety)
If a friend owned an airplane and offered to pay you to fly it, could you accept?
Yes, provided the friend takes on the operational control - this should be made clear in the employment contract
What is “holding out”?
Advertisement.
When is “holding out” indicative of common carriage?
This occurs when an aviation business holds out its services to the public.
Definitions of night
One hour after sunset to one hour before sunrise (for night landings)
Evening civil twilight to morning civil twilight (logging night time)
Sunset to sunrise (nav lights on)
What must you log in your logbook?
Anything going toward currency, or a rating you are training for.
Commercial pilot limitations
Without an instrument rating, you may only fly passengers during the day and within 50nm of the airport. THIS DOES NOT INCLUDE CARGO, only passengers.
What is a “common carrier”?
A commercial flight operation that involves “holding out”
What are the four elements that define “common carriage”?
1) A holding out or willingness to
2) transport persons or property
3) from place to place
4) for compensation
What is a for-hire “private carrier” (contract carrier)? Do they need AOCs?
A commercial operation that does not involve holding out. Yes, all commercial operations must operate under 121 or 135 and therefore must have an EOC
Private carriage vs common carriage
18-24 contracts have been found to be common carriage
3 contracts have been found to be private carriage
What are some examples of the 119.1(e) exceptions?
Flight instructions
Ferry or training flights
Crop dusting
Banner towing
Aerial photography
Firefighting
Nonstop parachute jump flight conducted within 25sm
Is holding out permitted with 119.1(e) operations?
Yes
What is part 125?
Governs the operation of large aircraft (6000 lbs or seating capacity of 20+) when not engaged in common carriage and holding out is not involved.
When is a type rating required?
Max takeoff weight of more than 12,500lbs
Turbojet powered
The Administrator requires a type rating for an aircraft
When is a high altitude endorsement required?
When acting as PIC of a pressurized aircraft, defined as having a service ceiling or maximum operating altitude, whichever is lower, above 25,000 MSL
Category, class, and type
Category is the broadest grouping based on aircraft use, like airplane, glider, or rotorcraft.
Class narrows it down by design, like single-engine land or multi-engine sea.
Type refers to a specific make and model, like a Boeing 737, requiring a type rating in some cases.
What category of aircraft would a rocket fall under?
Rocket category.
