prelim - INFORMATION SYSTEM

Question 1

Defined as a system that incorporates all the processes needed for effectively managing data—both incoming and outgoing patient information

Answer 1

INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Question 2

According to WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION

___ need to ensure that the laboratory has an effective information management system in place in order to achieve accessibility, accuracy, timeliness, security, confidentiality, and privacy of patient information

Answer 2

Laboratory directors

Question 3

IMPORTANT ELEMENTS OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Answer 3

1. Unique identifiers for patients and samples
2. Standardized test request forms
3. Logs and worksheets
   o control logbooks
   o calibration worksheets
   o temperature monitoring worksheet
   o result logbook
4. Checking processes to ensure the accuracy of data recording and
   transmission
5. Protection against loss of data
6. Protection of patient confidentiality and privacy
7. Effective reporting systems
8. Effective and timely communication.

Question 4

examples of idntifier

Answer 4

barcodes

Question 5

2 information included on the barcode

Answer 5

birthdate and patient name

Question 6

what are included on the request form?

Answer 6

patient details
- name
- date of birth
- address
- telephone #
- gender

Question 7

• ___is the process by which information is exchanged and understood by two or more people, usually with the intent to motivate or influence behavior

Answer 7

Communication

Question 8

• The exchange of thoughts, messages, or information using
  speech, signals, writing, or behavior

Answer 8

• Communication

Question 9

• The art and technique of using words effectively to impart
  information or ideas.

Answer 9

• Communication

Question 10

• A system, such as mail, telephone, television, or computer,
  for sending and receiving messages

Answer 10

Communication

Question 11

• The exchange or transmission of ideas, attitudes, or beliefs between individuals or groups.

Answer 11

Communication

Question 12

When do we conduct quality control?

Answer 12

everyday

Question 13

when do we conduct national external quality assessment

Answer 13

monthly

Question 14

What is the model of communication process by shannon- weaver?

Answer 14

• Sender  encoder  channel (noise)  decoder  receiver  sender (feedback)

Question 15

Model of communication:

To select symbols with which to compose a message.

Answer 15

Encode

Question 16

Model of communication
The tangible formulation of an idea to be sent to a receiver

Answer 16

message

Question 17

model of communication
The carrier of communication

Answer 17

channel

Question 18

Model of communication
__ To translate the symbols used in a message for the purpose of interpreting its meaning.

Answer 18

Decode

Question 19

model of communication
A response by the receiver to the sender’s communication

Answer 19

Feedback

Question 20

according to __
“The First executive functions is to develop and maintain a system of communication.” -

Answer 20

• Chester Barnard

Question 21

according to ___
“Organizational interaction depends on communications.”–

Answer 21

Hicks

Question 22

according to ___
The nature and used of communications in excellent companies are remarkable.”-

Answer 22

Peters and Waterman

Question 23

communication and information flows or disseminated to

Answer 23

internal department
external department
external vendors
regulators
laboratory clients

Question 24

a plan used by the laboratory for the dissemination of information.

Answer 24

MANAGEMENT COMMUNICATION STRATEGY

Question 25

Elements of a Communication Plan

Answer 25

* Define objectives and purpose of the plan * Use a concise message. * Gear communication to education level of recipient

Question 26

* Identify the method(s) of communication memo, newsletter, email, specimen collection manual, etc.),

Answer 26

written

Question 27

* Identify the method(s) of communication phone call, intercom, etc.)

Answer 27

o Verbal

Question 28

* Identify the method(s) of communication (banner, poster, video, etc)

Answer 28

o Visual

Question 29

Cycle of Communication In Processing Laboratory Determination

Answer 29

physician -> patent lab request -> specimen collection -> laboratory processing -> releasing of the results - > back to physician

Question 30

REQUEST FORM includes

Answer 30

 ⚬ Laboratory procedure  ⚬ Identification of the patient  ⚬ Name of the physician  ⚬ Date and time the specimen was collected  ⚬ Date and time the specimen was received  ⚬ Date, time and by whom the specimen was examined  ⚬ Condition of any unsatisfactory specimen  ⚬ Type of test or procedure performed  ⚬ Results and date of reporting

Question 31

GENERAL QUALITIES OF A LABORATORY REPORT

Answer 31

 ⚬ Compactness  ⚬ Consistency of terminology, format and usage of understandability  ⚬ Clear and easy to understand  ⚬ Statement of date and time of collection  ⚬ Gross description and source of the specimen when pertinent  ⚬ Sharp differentiation of reference or normal and abnormal values  ⚬ The sequential order of multiple results on a single specimen  ⚬ Identification of patient, patient location and physician  ⚬ Assurance of accuracy of transcription of request

Question 32

is the one Responsible for all laboratory report

Answer 32

Laboratory head

Question 33

how many essential element are there in quality system?

Answer 33

12

Question 34

* provide written information about policies, processes and procedures (WHO)

Answer 34

DOCUMENTS

Question 35

* are the collected information produced by the laboratory in the process of performing and reporting a laboratory test. (WHO)

Answer 35

RECORDS

Question 36

is a document that describes the quality management system of an organization (ISO 15189

Answer 36

quality manual

Question 37

State the laboratory and institutional guidance policy for the of those working in the laboratory. ⚬ ⚬ Should be dated and approved by the laboratory director

Answer 37

POLICY MANUAL

Question 38

Should reflect the philosophy and overall goals of the organization.

Answer 38

POLICY MANUAL

Question 39

contain written step-by-step instructions that laboratory staff should meticulously follow when performing a procedure

Answer 39

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES

Question 40

Written SOPs ensure the following

Answer 40

o Consistency o Accuracy o Quality

Question 41

SOP should have the following

Answer 41

* Title * Purpose * Instructions * Name of Person preparing the SOP * Signatures of approving officials and dates of approval

Question 42

A good SOP should be

Answer 42

o detailed, clear and concise, o easily understood by new personnel or students in training; o reviewed and approved by the laboratory o updated on a regular basis

Question 43

are laboratory information, either written by hand or computer-printed. They are permanent, and are not revised or modified

Answer 43

records

Question 44

characteristics of paper system in terms for storing

Answer 44

- Permanence - Accessibility - Security - Traceability

Question 45

characteristics of electronic system in terms for storing

Answer 45

- Permanence - Security - Traceability

Question 46

The time interval between the laboratory’s assessments or audits

Answer 46

record retention

Question 47

retention for Requisition and Accession Logs

Answer 47

2 yrs

Question 48

Maintenance and Instruments Log retention time

Answer 48

2 yrs

Question 49

quality control record retention time

Answer 49

2 yrs

Question 50

Blood Bank Donor/Receipt Records retention time

Answer 50

10 yrs

Question 51

Blood Bank Patient Records retention time

Answer 51

10 yrs

Question 52

Blood Bank Employees Signature retention time

Answer 52

10 yrs

Question 53

Blood Bank QC Records retention time

Answer 53

5 yrs

Question 54

Blood Bank QC Records retention time

Answer 54

5 yrs

Question 55

Clinical Pathology Test Records retention time

Answer 55

2 yrs

Question 56

Reports (Cytology, Surgical, Non-Forensic) retention tme

Answer 56

10 yrs

Question 57

Cytogenetic Reports and images retention time

Answer 57

20 yrs

Question 58

Flow Cytometry plots and Histograms retention time

Answer 58

10 yrs

Question 59

Computer network of hardware and software for receiving, processing, and storing laboratory data and information

Answer 59

LABORATORY INFORMATION SYSTEM (LIS)

Question 60

* It can interface with laboratory instruments to transfer data into patient records, evaluate quality control data, and store preventive maintenance records.

Answer 60

LIS

Question 61

__- can interface with an HIS, pathology information system, and other information systems

Answer 61

LIS

Question 62

ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTERIZED SYSTEMS

Answer 62

* Error reduction * Quality control management * Provision of option for data searching * Access to patient information * Generate reports * Ability to tracks reports * Improved capacity for maintaining patient confidentiality * Financial management * Integration with site outside the lab

Question 63

DISADVANTAGES OF COMPUTERIZED SYSTEMS

Answer 63

* Training * Time to adapt to a new system * Physical restrictions * Need for backup system

Question 64

ensure that all data, the final product of the laboratory, is ___

Answer 64

well managed.

Question 65

information system ensures AATS, what are the AATS

Answer 65

accessibility, accuracy, timeliness and security of data

Question 66

ensure ____and privacy of patient information

Answer 66

confidentiality

Question 67

___is the exchange of ideas, attitudes, and information through the spoken word, written word, and visual images

Answer 67

Communication

Question 68

____ is a critical skill that laboratorians need to ensure effective delivery of laboratory services

Answer 68

Effective communication

Question 69

____include written policies, processes and procedures, and provide a framework for the quality system. They need to be updated and maintained.

Answer 69

Documents

Question 70

Records include information captured in the process of performing and reporting a ___

Answer 70

laboratory test.