Problem 4

Question 1

1. explanatory (=independent) variable

2. Response (=dependent) variable

Answer 1

1. = causes/ explains the change in the dependent variable (in scatter-pot on x-axis)
2. = measures the outcome of the study (on y-axis)

Question 2

distributions in two-way table:

1. joint distribution
2. marginal distribution
3. conditional distribution

Answer 2

1. = distribution for each cell
   - divide number in cell by total sample size
2. = distribution for a single variable
   - divide total of a variable by total sample
   size
3. = relative frequencies
   (e.g. given that the person is a boy what is
   the probability his eyes are not green?)
   - not divided by total, just by total single variable which is asked for

Question 3

relationship between 2 quantitative variable

Answer 3

–> look for overall patter (form, direction, strength) and striking deviations (outliers, subgroups)