Problems for serial models

Question 1

Lexical bias

Answer 1

Challenges the linear sequence of the proposed stages in Levelt model;

More frequent or contextually salient words may be selected more readily, violating the sequentiality

Question 2

Phonemic switching

Answer 2

when tempting people to make errors, 30% of errors are real words but only 10% non-words

= Lexical bias

Question 3

Main problem for serial model

Answer 3

Lexical bias means a later phase is affecting an earlier stage, whereas lexical selection should be finished by the time phonological encodings are happening