What is PPI and how can it be done?
Patient and public involvement: actively including patient and public in the planning, design, delivery, evaluation of health and social services as well as research. Part of the process, not the subject of the research.
Commenting on and developing research materials, joining a project steering committee and offering advice, to working in partnership with the research team.
Why does PPI improve research?
Designed in such a way that it is more relevant to participants
Designed so it is acceptable to patients
Produces participant information which is understandable to participants, improves informed consent process
Provide a better research experience, arrangements are appropriate and respectful use of time
Have better communication of results to participants
What are the four principles of PPI?
Involve the right people
Involve enough people
Involve these people enough
Describe how it helps (explain to research ethics committee)
What is the purpose of good scientific practice?
Set out standards on which safe and good working practice is founded for healthcare scientists. Based on HCPC standards of proficiency for clinical scientists and NHS constitution.
What are the domains of GSP?
Professional practice: patient centred care, working within scope of practice, good communication, working with others well.
Scientific Practice: remain technically proficient, data and reporting, QA.
Clinical Practice: clinical activity, clinical investigation (informed consent) and therapeutics.
Research, development and innovation: research activity, service development (do these considering evidence led practice).
Clinical leadership: developing of self and leading others.
What is important in patient centred care?
Putting patients first, acting in their best interests, duty of care and duty of candour.
Respect their autonomy, rights, beliefs, values, wishes. Maintain their dignity.
What is scope of practice?
Areas in which a professional has the knowledge, skills, competence to practice safely and effectively.
When deciding if something falls in scope of practice, consider whether the training and support received adequately equips you to perform the activity safely and effectively.
Scope of practice develops over time, may become more narrow and very specialised.
What are the stages of the research process according to GSP?
Project design
Ethics approval
Funding
PPI
Data gathering and analysis
Reporting, dissemination, publication
What is information governance?
The legal framework governing the use of personal data in healthcare. UK GDPR, Data Protection Act 2018. Those offering care directly can share information but confidentiality is necessary for other purposes.
Ensure data is used appropriately: kept as long as needed, used for what it is needed for alone.
What is the purpose of the NHS constitution?
To establish the principles and values of the NHS in England.
To set out rights that patients and the public, and staff are entitled to. To set out the pledges that the NHS is committed to achieving.
What are the NHS principles?
NHS provides comprehensive service, available to all.
Access to NHS services is based on clinical need, not ability to pay.
Aspires to highest standards of excellence and professionalism.
Patient is at the heart of everything.
NHS works across organisational boundaries.
NHS is committed to providing best value for taxypayers’ money.
NHS is accountable to public, communities, patients that it serves.
What are the NHS values?
Working together for patients
Respect and dignity
Commitment to quality of care
Compassion
Improving lives
Everyone counts
What is patient and public engagement?
PPE
Patient and Public Engagement is all about ensuring that information and outcomes from research or activities are disseminated to patients and the public, so that they can be informed of our work.
What is a personal data breach?
Accidental or deliberate breach in security which leads to:
loss or unlawful destruction of data
alteration of data
unauthorised disclosure
unauthorised access
loss of access
What to do in the event of a personal data breach?
Follow organisations reporting procedures, will be in IG or cyber security policy
Report using organisation’s reporting process.
Do as soon as aware of it, with all details that you have
Reporting helps organisation learn from mistakes and consider changes which would prevent a repeat occurance.
What are HCPC standards of proficiency?
Threshold (entry-level) standards considered necessary to protect the public. They set clear expectations of registrants’ knowledge and ability when they start practicing, and must continue to meet the standards relevant to their scope of practice to remain registered.
What is the 10 year health plan?
Key ambitions for the service for the next 10 years. Plan to improve quality of patient care and health outcomes.
Long term plan was published in jan 2019, there is a new 10 year health plan being written now.
Change NHS launched in 2024 which asked for people’s views and experiences to shape the plan.
What standards do the HCPC expect us to meet?
Standards of proficiency
Standards of conduct, performance, and ethics
Standards for continuing professional development
If patient has concerns about a treatment what would you discuss with them?
Explain benefits and risks of the treatment
Don’t use technical jargon when explaining
Give them information sheets
Ask them about their specific concerns/ask them to explain to you
Need to respect their decision
How could you work with a trainee to improve?
Create an action plan
Should have targets which are specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, time based.
For research project, what approvals do you need to consider?
Is it research: is it generalisable etc. Need HRA approval
Is ethical approval necessary: if changing patient’s care, need to know this is ethical, given by research and ethics committee
Consider confidentiality: do we need to consider confidentiality advisory group committee? Not issue if anonymised and remaining in trust
Data protection act: use data appropriately
How do trusts ensure information breach is avoided?
Password protected machines
Mandatory training for staff
Locking PCs when away
Data stored on secure systems
Back up systems so no lost data
Anonymised data
Another trust wants to use data for research, what do you do?
Need to contact confidentiality advisory group.
Can’t just share data, confidentiality reasons
Need to consider common law duty of confidentiality
Could anonymise it and share potentially
What regulations are relevant to software and what steps do we need to take?
Medical Devices Regulations, can still impact patients treatment.
Need to check software is safe
