In terms of the programming process, what are three limitations of behavior observation as a technique for gathering information?
The limitations of this information-gathering technique include ;
- it cannot address the why people are behaving the way they are.
- it is only valid for one period of time.
- it is accurate only when implemented by a skilled practitioner.
What four methods of gathering information are used in the programming process?
- client interviews
- questionnaires
- observation
- field surveys
What is a common way to determine the floor area required for an activity?
A common way to determine this is to multiply the area required per person by the number of people.
What range of percentage do space-planning efficiency ratios typically fall within?
The space planning ratios typically range from 60% to 80%.
What is the net area or net assignable area of a building?
This is the actual area needed to accommodate the specific functions, without taking into account primary circulation space or support space.
In a leased space, what is considered to be rentable area?
This is the area available for assignment to a tenant within the perimeter walls of the tenant space, as well as private corridors, walls and columns within the tenant space. This area may include a proportionate share of public corridors, rest rooms and elevator lobbies shared by all tenants.
In a leased space, what is considered to be usable area?
This is the area actually used for the space’s intended purpose, in addition to the circulation spaces within the leased space and partitions and columns within the space.
What is the efficiency factor of a leased space?
This is the ratio of net area to usable area in the leased space.
What two things must a designer know about a space before the necessary number of exits can be determined?
Before a designer can determine how many of these are needed, both the floor area and the occupancy group must be known.
What are nine common biological contaminants often found in buildings?
- mold
- mildew
- bacteria
- viruses
- mites
- pollen
- animal dander
- dust
- insects
What are five common hazardous materials found in existing buildings?
- Asbestos
- Vermiculite
- PCB’s (polychlorinated biphenyls)
- Lead
- Radon
What is adaptive reuse?
This is the practice of reusing existing buildings and materials from buildings as much as possible.
What is programming?
This is the process undertaken before design during which all pertinent information about a project is collected and analyzed.
According to the book ‘Problem Solving’ by William Pena, what are the five steps in the programming process?
- establish goals
- collect facts
- uncover concepts
- determine needs
- state the problem
How does a programmatic concept differ from a design concept?
The first is a performance requirement that is related to general methods of solving a problem or satisfying a need. The second is a specific physical response that is an attempt to satisfy the first.
In terms of the programming process, what are the three components of flexibility?
- expandability
- convertibility
- versatility
What are the four possible ratings of a LEED project?
- Platinum
- Gold
- Silver
- Certified
What type of conceptual plan arrangement could be used as a nondirectional way to focus attention on a space?
A centralized plan arrangement could be used to accomplish this.
What type of circulation pattern is generally the most efficient and flexible?
A linear layout (also called a dumbbell layout) is generally the most efficient and flexible of these.
What voluntary, consensus-based national standard for developing high-performance, sustainable buildings was established by the US Green Building Council?
LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design)
What activities does the Greenguard Environmental Institute conduct?
This organisation tests products for acceptable indoor air quality standards and registers the products it certifies.
What three activities does Scientific Certification Systems conduct?
- environmentally related product attributes
- environmentally preferable products
- well managed forests
What is the Forest Stewardship Council? (FSC)
This non-profit organisation is devoted to encouraging the responsible management of the worlds forests.
What type of volumetric relationship could be used to functionally and perceptually link two spaces?
An overlapping relationship could be used to accomplish this.
