Programming paradigms

Question 1

What is programming paradigms?

Answer 1

Different approaches to using a programming language to solve a problem.

Question 2

What are the Two Broad categories of programming paradigms?

Answer 2

imperative and declarative

Question 3

What does the imperative Paradigm contain?

Answer 3

Procedural and Object orientated paradigms

Question 4

What does the Declarative Paradigm contain?

Answer 4

logic and functional paradigms

Question 5

What type of code does imperative programming paradigms use?

Answer 5

use code that clearly specifies the actions to be performed.

Question 6

What type of code does procedural programming paradigms use?

Answer 6

Uses a sequence of instructions which may be contained within procedures. These instructions are carried out in a step-by-step manner.

Question 7

What are benefits of procedural programming paradigms?(2)

Answer 7

Can be applied to a wide range of problems
And is relatively easy to write and interpret

Question 8

What is OOP paradigms?

Answer 8

OOP is built on entities called objects, formed from classes which have
certain attributes and methods. OOP focuses on making programs that are reusable and easy to update and maintain.

Question 9

When is OOP mainly used?

Answer 9

Certain types of problem with lots of reusable components which have similar
characteristics.

Question 10

What is declarative programming?

Answer 10

The language states what is required but not how to do it and The statements do not have to be in a specific order

Question 11

Where is declarative language commonly used?

Answer 11

This type of programming is common in expert systems and artificial intelligence

Question 12

What is functional programming?

Answer 12

It’s a programming style that builds programs by combining reusable functions, similar to how math works. Functions are the main building blocks.

Question 13

What is Logic programming?

Answer 13

A style of programming where you define facts and rules, and use queries to find answers. The computer figures out how to solve the problem for you.

Question 14

What is recursion in programming?

Answer 14

Recursion is when a function calls itself . It keeps calling itself until it reaches a base case, which stops the recursion.

Question 15

What type of language is assembly code?

Answer 15

Assembly code is a low-level language that is closely related to machine code

Question 16

Why is assembly language easier to use then machine code?

Answer 16

Assembly language uses mnemonics rather than binary,

Question 17

What is a class?(3 marks)

Answer 17

A template defining methods and attributes used to make objects

Question 18

What is inheritance?(3 marks)

Answer 18

Inheritance is when a class takes on the methods and attributes of a parent class .

Question 19

What is special about and inherited class?(2 marks)

Answer 19

The inheriting class may override some of these methods/attributes and
may have additional extra methods and attributes of its own .

Question 20

What is the main class sometime called?

Answer 20

The base class.

Question 21

Describe three features of an object-oriented language.

Answer 21

1.They have classes which contains methods and attributes.
2.Uses encapsulation to hide data within objects,
3.Has inheritance where there are sub classes and superclass’s.

Question 22

What happens when an attribute is private?

Answer 22

It cant be directly accessed and therefore public methods are used to change/read
the attributes value.

Question 23

How would we initialise this class?
class video
private name
private views
private starrating

       public procedure new(newname)
            name = NewName
            views = 0
            starrating = 3
       end procedure   end class

Answer 23

video1= new video(“Macbeth”)

Question 24

How would we use inheritance (Show the line of code)

Answer 24

Class (newclass) inherits(main class)

Question 25

How would we write The constructor?

Answer 25

Public procedure new(givename) givename=name

Question 26

What does super.methodname(parameter) do?

Answer 26

Call the method of the main class.

Question 27

How would we use methods on an object,

Answer 27

1.We instantiate an object, 2.Then we do variable name.method(paramter)

Question 28

Compare two differences between recursion and iteration.

Answer 28

1.Recursion uses more memory while iteration uses less memory. 2.Recursive can run out of memory while iteration cannot run out of memory 3.Recurrsion calls itself while iteration doesn't.