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Project Management Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

What are activities in project management?

A

Jobs, tasks, events, steps, or sub-processes involved in completing a work package; they require time and resources.

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2
Q

What is ACWP (Actual Cost of Work Performed)?

A

The actual cost of each task at the current time.

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3
Q

What is an A&E contractor?

A

An organisation responsible for incorporating process and manufacturing technology requirements into the design of facilities.

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4
Q

What are assumptions in project management?

A

Statements taken for granted as truth.

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5
Q

What is a baseline?

A

A snapshot in time of a project plan against which progress can be measured.

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6
Q

What is bottom-up cost estimating?

A

Making detailed estimates for every activity in the WBS and summing them for a total project cost estimate.

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7
Q

What is a budget?

A

A planned allocation of resources.

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8
Q

What are B&R codes?

A

Codes linked to the WBS, assigned to cost data for monitoring, reporting, and forecasting.

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9
Q

What is BAC (Budget at Completion)?

A

The planned cost for a task.

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10
Q

What is BCWS (Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled)?

A

Planned percentage complete (based on dates) × planned cost; also called Planned Value.

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11
Q

What is BCWP (Budgeted Cost of Work Performed)?

A

Percentage completed × planned cost at current time; also called Earned Value.

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12
Q

What is a case structure?

A

Breakdown of the project budget into case, sub-case, and sub-sub-case levels.

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13
Q

What is a charter?

A

See project team charter.

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14
Q

What is a chunk chart?

A

A prioritised list of projected work areas for a case number and financial year in a programme’s sector data document.

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15
Q

What is concurrent engineering?

A

A systematic approach to integrated, simultaneous product and process design, including manufacture, test, and support.

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16
Q

What are contingencies?

A

Specific provisions for unforeseeable cost elements within project scope.

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17
Q

What are constraints?

A

Applicable restrictions that affect project scope.

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18
Q

What is a CBS (Cost Breakdown Structure)?

A

A hierarchical system linking project costs to the WBS or OBS.

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19
Q

What is cost estimating?

A

Assembling and predicting the costs of a project.

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20
Q

What is cost management?

A

The function of maintaining financial control through evaluating, estimating, budgeting, monitoring, forecasting, and reporting costs.

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21
Q

What is a cost plan?

A

Resource needs by month/year, including labour, charges, and assessments for each sub-case.

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22
Q

What is CV (Cost Variance)?

A

The difference between BCWP (earned value) and ACWP (actual cost).

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23
Q

What are critical activities?

A

Tasks whose duration increases would likely affect the project’s overall duration.

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24
Q

What is the critical path?

A

The longest sequence of interdependent tasks determining project duration; any delay delays the project.

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25
Who is the customer in project management?
Anyone who defines needs, justifies/pays, or evaluates/uses the results.
26
What is delegating in projects?
Distributing authority and responsibility from the project manager to team members.
27
What are deliverables?
Reports or products that must be delivered to meet contractual requirements.
28
What is the design and development phase?
Phase where production processes are developed, and facility/production processes are designed.
29
What is duration?
The total calendar time required to accomplish a task.
30
What is earned value?
Reporting project status in cost and time by comparing progress with original estimates (budgeted cost of work performed).
31
What is effort in projects?
The work hours needed to complete the work.
32
What does enterprise-wide mean?
Across an entire sector of technology or business.
33
What is an ES&H plan?
Plan for compliance with environmental, safety, and health requirements, including hazards assessment and SOPs.
34
What is a file guide?
A hierarchical listing of records retained for a project.
35
What is a Financial Information System (FIS)?
Tracks project funding for one financial year at a time.
36
What is a fixed date?
A calendar event in a plan that cannot be moved during scheduling.
37
What is fixed-duration scheduling?
A method where task duration remains constant regardless of resource assignment.
38
What is FAC (Forecast at Completion)?
Scheduled/estimated cost for a task; also called Estimate at Completion (EAC).
39
What is a Gantt chart?
A bar chart showing activities and their timelines on a time scale.
40
What is a goal in project management?
One-sentence definition of what will be accomplished, with a completion event.
41
What are hypercritical activities?
Activities on the critical path that have already slipped.
42
What are milestones?
Meaningful interim achievements in a project life cycle with zero task duration.
43
What is vision?
The purpose or reason for being; positioning of the enterprise.
44
What is a mission statement?
Background, purposes, and benefits of the project.
45
What is a network in project terms?
An illustration showing logical flow of work events.
46
What are objectives?
Predetermined results directing effort; collectively accomplish the project goal.
47
What is an OBS (Organisational Breakdown Structure)?
A hierarchical system for organising resources for planning, reporting, and analysis.
48
What is a plan in PM terms?
An intended future course of action; a frozen schedule (baseline) forming project controls.
49
What is a planned cost?
Costs set once a schedule is frozen and becomes the baseline plan.
50
What is PDM (Precedence Diagram Method)?
Logic network using nodes for activities and lines for dependencies.
51
What is a predecessor?
The first of two linked tasks in a project relationship.
52
What is a PHA (Preliminary Hazards Assessment)?
A document identifying hazards and required training for project materials/processes/testing.
53
What is a process?
Interrelated activities that add value to inputs to provide outputs.
54
What is a PRT (Product Realisation Team)?
A multidisciplinary team defining, developing, delivering, and supporting a product via concurrent engineering.
55
What is a programme in project terms?
An endeavour of large scope encompassing multiple projects.
56
What is a PERT chart?
A graphical chart illustrating task relationships and dependencies.
57
What is a programme manager?
An individual managing a series of related projects aimed at broader goals.
58
What is a project?
An undertaking with a defined start, objectives, and conclusion.
59
What is a PDD (Project Data Document)?
A business office summary of the project plan.
60
What is a PDI (Project Data Interface System)?
An electronic tool to store project processes and templates.
61
What is the project life cycle?
All events from start to end necessary to carry out a project.
62
What is project management?
The approach to managing non-repetitive work under time, cost, and performance constraints.
63
What is a project manager?
The individual appointed with responsibility for managing the project.
64
What is a project plan?
A summary document of objectives, justification, and achievement approach.
65
What is project risk management?
Identifying, assessing, and responding to project risks throughout its life cycle.
66
What is a project status report?
A report showing current accomplishments and variances to plan.
67
What is a project team charter?
Defines project purpose, mission, goals, objectives, scope, assumptions, and constraints to align the team.
68
Who are the public in project management?
Those not directly involved but with an interest in outcomes.
69
What is public relations in projects?
Activities to improve a project’s environment for better performance and reception.
70
What is QC-1?
DOE-AL quality criteria for nuclear weapons research, design, production, and disposal.
71
What is quality in project terms?
Meeting or exceeding customer requirements on cost, schedule, and performance.
72
What is a quality assurance plan?
A plan ensuring conformance to customer requirements across performance, schedule, and cost.
73
What is QFD (Quality Function Deployment)?
A method translating customer needs into technical requirements without losing fidelity.
74
What are requirements in project management?
Negotiated measurable customer wants and needs.
75
What are resources in projects?
Any factors except time required or consumed to accomplish an activity.
76
What are resource-driven durations?
Durations determined by scarce resource availability and priorities.
77
What is responsibility in PM?
Being personally accountable for performing required work.
78
What is a RAM (Responsibility Assignment Matrix)?
A structure ensuring each project scope element is assigned to a responsible individual.
79
What is SV (Schedule Variance)?
Difference between BCWP (earned value) and BCWS (planned value).
80
What is scope?
The work content and products of a project.
81
What is scope of work?
A narrative description of work to be accomplished or resource to be supplied.
82
What is a security plan?
A plan for compliance with project-related security measures.
83
What is a spending plan?
Total budgeted funds for a task area over a fiscal period.
84
What is a spending plan adjustment form?
A form to authorise changes to a spending plan during a year and explain mismatches with the cost plan.
85
What is status reporting?
Regular written reports on activity or project status for control and management awareness.
86
What is a stakeholder?
A person or party with a vested interest in project outcomes.
87
What is a successor in project terms?
The second of two linked tasks in a project relationship.
88
What is a task?
An activity/event with defined start, end, duration, and measurable result.
89
What is a team in projects?
Two or more people working together with common goals, interdependence, code of conduct, and shared reward.
90
Who are team members?
Individuals reporting to the PM (full/part-time) responsible for project tasks.
91
What is top-down cost estimating?
Total project cost subdivided for activities based on historical/statistical relationships.
92
What is TQM (Total Quality Management)?
An integrated management system guiding all employees to achieve customer satisfaction.
93
What are the triple constraints?
Time, cost, and scope that must be simultaneously managed.
94
What is a value in project terms?
A principle, standard, or quality inherently worthwhile.
95
What is a variance?
Any actual or potential deviation from plan or budget (PMBOK).
96
What is VAC (Variance at Completion)?
Planned cost minus total cost.
97
What is vision in project terms?
A powerful mental image of the desired future.
98
What is work in projects?
The effort (hours or people) required to accomplish a task.
99
What is a WBS (Work Breakdown Structure)?
A task-oriented family tree of activities organising and displaying total work.
100
What are work packages?
WBS elements assigned for accomplishment with defined work, resources, and schedules.
101
What is Project Integration Management?
Developing a project charter and fundamental plans; sets up the project and assigns the manager.
102
What is Project Scope Management?
Defining project boundaries, work division, required work amount, and scope control.
103
What is Project Time Management?
Scheduling activities to ensure they occur within a set timeframe.
104
What is Project Cost Management?
Costing resources, compiling a budget, and tracking it during the project.
105
What is Project Quality Management?
Includes quality control (monitoring outputs) and quality assurance (planning to meet requirements).
106
What is Project HR Management?
Defining team roles, responsibilities, reporting structures, and management of project activities.
107
What is Project Communication Management?
Planning, executing, and controlling communication strategies; includes status and progress reporting.
108
What is Project Risk Management?
Identifying, quantifying, analysing, and responding to risks to manage impacts on outcomes.
109
What is Project Procurement Management?
Procuring resources, vendor selection, contract management, administering bids, and project closure.
110
What is Project Stakeholder Management?
Identifying stakeholders, analysing their concerns, and actively managing them to ensure satisfaction.
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