Prolapse

Question 1

what causes a prolapse?

Answer 1

weakness in the pelvic floor

Question 2

what is a cystocele?

Answer 2

descent of the bladder

Question 3

define enterocele

Answer 3

descent of the uterus

Question 4

define rectocele

Answer 4

rectal prolapse

Question 5

presentation

Answer 5

pressure
mass
difficulty voiding
incomplete emptying
pain in intercourse

Question 6

diagnosis

Answer 6

POP-Q

Question 7

what is the POP-Q?

Answer 7

measure of each site in relation to the hymen

if above= negative
if below= positive

Question 8

classic presentation of uterine prolapse

Answer 8

prolapse + back pain

Question 9

risk factors

Answer 9

age
surgery
menopause
loss of muscle tone
multiple births
obesity
chronic cough
heavy lifting
connective tissue disorders

Question 10

conservative management

Answer 10

reassurance
lifestyle advice
pelvic floor exercises
pessaries

Question 11

surgical management

Answer 11

vaginal hysterectomy
Manchester repair
sacrospinous fixation
sacrocolpopexy
mesh techniques
colpocleisis