what breed gets uterine prolapses a lot/
Herefords
when does uterine prolapse happen most frequently? what are some risk factors?
almost always <24h post partum
hypocalemia, Herefords, pluriparous
is uterine prolapse an emergency?
Y E S
WEEWOOWEEWOO (that’s the siren)
tell me some C/S of a uterine prolapse
- very dramatic lol
- cow in shock
- hypocalcemia
- can see placentomes/caruncles
- may contain intestines/bladder
- external bleeding from placentomes common
why is uterine prolapse an emergency?
- cervical closure
- edema (vascular compromise)
- trauma + contamination
- uterine aa rupture
if a cow has a uterine prolapse, should you move her to a cleaner area?
NOOOOOO DO NOT MOVE HER!!!!!
this risks the uterine aa rupturing
should you pre-treat hypocalcemia in a cow with uterine prolapse? why or why not?
no
makes it harder for you to tx uterine prolapse bc uterine tone increases –> tx afterwards
how do you tx a uterine prolapse?
- remove placenta + lavage
- keep uterus elevated (perfusion)
- massage uterus in
- once uterus in, ensure complete inversion by passive infusion of water/dilute iodine
- oxytocin (20-40 IU IM) (only after reduction!)
- Buhner suture, treat uterine atony/tenesmus
- analgesia, Abx
can you do a uterine amputation?
yup… but its a poor px and salvage procedure. better to just euthanize in most cases
what is the px for uterine prolapses?
- shock = poor px
- largely dept on time to tx and handling
- high survival rate if uncomplicated
is vaginal prolapse an emergency?
nope :)
when do vag prolapses occur?
pretty much any time
lots pre partum, but can happen post partum too
is recurrence of uterine prolapses common?
is recurrence of vag prolapses common?
U: nope
V: yup
what are pre partum risk factors for cows getting vaginal prolapses?
- over conditioning
- pelvic injury –> pelvic laxity
- usually, last trimester (dry period for dairy)
- increased intra-abdominal P (lying downhill)
- excessive straining/irritation
what are the risk factors for open cows and heifers for vag prolapse
- obesity
- estrogenic influence of late gestation –> pelvic laxityy
is there a hereditary component to vag prolapses? if so, what breeds?
yes
Brahman, Brahman X, Herefore
what are some C/S of a vaginal prolapse?
- protrusion of pink/reddened mucosa
- straining
- edema/inflammation/necrosis
if a pre parturient cow has a mild vag prolapse, what can you do to medically manage it before calving?
change environment
well bedded pack where hind quarters not dependent
if you do a Buhner suture for a vag prolapse in a pre parturient cow, what must you do before calving?
TAKE OUT THE SUTURE!!!!!
the tx for vag prolapse is very much the same as uterine prolapse
you don’t have to keep the vag elevated tho, and you can do a Buhner suture and give NSAIDs for pain
what are the risk factors for rectal prolapse?
- estrogenic compounds
- GI dx, coccidiosis
- resp dx, coughing
- UTI, dysuria
- neuropathy, being “ridden”, neoplasia
- obesity
tell me the difference b/t types 1 and 2 rectal prolapses and types 3 and 4
1&2: generally fixed via reduction
3&4: generally require surgical resection
treating rectal prolapse:
1. what do you do if viable mucosa?
2. what do you do if non-viable mucosa?
- purse string suture, leave small opening for poopies, leave in 5-10 days
- mucosal resection and anastomosis, or sx amputation (not GP procedure)
need epidural before both of these!
what are the possible complications of rectal prolapses?
- recurrence
- constipation
- dehiscence
- prolapse of other organs
- absces
- peritonitis
- death
all of the above are more common with the use of prolapse tubes
