properties and performance

Question 1

what is microfibre

Answer 1

less than one denier thick, created by modifying the spinnerets

Question 2

properties of mf

Answer 2

ultrafine, lightweight, soft and comfortable, washable, high strength, shrink resistant, high absorbency - waterproof fabric

Question 3

end uses

Answer 3

specialised environmentally friendly microfibre cleaning products can be used on multiple surfaces - remove the need for harmful chemicals as it removes up to 99% of bacteria (wedge shaped filaments)

Question 4

advantages of mf on consumer and society

Answer 4

• suitable for travel (lightweight)
• easy to launder
• can be dyed different colours

Question 5

disadvantages of mf on consumer and society

Answer 5

• expensive to purchase
• manufacturing of petrochemical fibres concerns environmentally aware consumer
• consumer confusion (need for education)

Question 6

advantages of mf on manufacturer

Answer 6

• easy to put fabric finish on e.g. antibacterial finish = higher success in marketplace

Question 7

disadvantages of mf on manufacturer

Answer 7

• expensive to establish machinery

- employees must be specially trained

Question 8

advantages of mf on employee

Answer 8

• more job opps from new fibre tech

Question 9

disadvantage of mf on employee

Answer 9

• structural unemployment (skilled workers may be replaced by machines)

Question 10

advantage of mf on environment

Answer 10

• not dependent on natural resources

- eliminate need for harmful cleaners

Question 11

disadvantage of mf on environment

Answer 11

• water waste and chemical residue

- fabric production requires operation of machinery - using energy and emitting air pollution

Question 12

what is a bicomponent yarn

Answer 12

• consists of two filaments, staple or natural fibres that are chemically/physically different
• two kinds of polymer extruded together and spun as multifilament

Question 13

enhance performance of fabric and end use - bcy

Answer 13

yarn is soft, lofty, bulky and inexpensive. light weight, non-fraying, very durable and abrasion resistant

Question 14

end uses - bcy

Answer 14

pantyhose, knitwear, knitting yarns, socks and baby wear. can be made hollow and therefore conductive metal oxides can be inserted for specific end-uses

Question 15

advantage of bcy on consumer and society

Answer 15

• produce bulking/crimping effect useful in contribution of strength of garments

Question 16

disadvantages of bcy on consumer and society

Answer 16

fabrics made up solely of bicompent yarns often do not have desired visual effects, textures

Question 17

advantage of bcy on manufacture

Answer 17

• production more desirable fabrics that consumers will want to purchase
• colour concentrate only needed for out component, thus reducing colour costs

Question 18

disadvantage of bcy on manufacture

Answer 18

• expenses of developing fibre components
• must train employees to work with machinery
• takes away market for other fibres

Question 19

advantage of bcy on employee

Answer 19

• more job opportunities

Question 20

disadvantage of bcy on employee

Answer 20

• decrease in human interaction

- changes to current work practices that may reduce job oppurtunities

Question 21

advantage of bcy on environment

Answer 21

• clean, environmentally friendly

- many yarns are recyclable

Question 22

disadvantage of bcy on environment

Answer 22

many of the chemical component are not biodegradable so cause pollution and add to landfill

Question 23

what are washable webs

Answer 23

webs of synthetic fibres bonded together with heat/adhesives

Question 24

properties of ww

Answer 24

• can be engineered for specific end-use
• does not fray
• durable and highly absorbent
• can withstand wet applications

Question 25

end uses of ww

Answer 25

- medical textiles - nappies, industrial filters, teabags, chug - lining, interfacing

Question 26

advantage of ww on consumer and society

Answer 26

- low cost - does not fray - crease resistant - stable to washing and dry-cleaning

Question 27

disadvantage of ww on consumer and society

Answer 27

- not lifelong, mostly singly use | - not as strong as knitted/woven

Question 28

advantage of ww on manufacturer

Answer 28

- cheap to produce | - can be combined with many fibres to create 'super fabrics' - medical membranes impermeable to blood

Question 29

disadvantage of ww on manufacturer

Answer 29

- low durability

Question 30

advantage of ww on employee

Answer 30

- work is easier for new technology, less labour intensive work needed to produce man-manse fibre that needed for natural fibre

Question 31

disadvantage of ww on employee

Answer 31

process may use CAD/CAM technology rather than manual labour

Question 32

advantage of ww on environment

Answer 32

- non-woven bags last longer than normal plastic bags

Question 33

disadvantage of ww on environment

Answer 33

waste-product and landfill | - must take into account waste and disposal of medical textiles

Question 34

What is symcad3D optifit?

Answer 34

Automatically digitise the body in 3D shape

Question 35

End uses of 3D

Answer 35

Designed for made to measure clothing | Efficient, accurate

Question 36

Advantages of 3D on textile industry

Answer 36

Saves time Accuracy Consistency Mobile version so can be used in workplace

Question 37

Disadvantages of 3D on textile industry

Answer 37

Less job opportunities

Question 38

What is CLSM

Answer 38

Sewing machines controlled by computers

Question 39

Advantages of CLSM

Answer 39

``` Easy use Low training costs High production Accuracy and uniformity Fast operation ```

Question 40

Disadvantages of CLSM

Answer 40

Costly to set up Loss of jobs Specialised technicians required for maintenance and machine repair

Question 41

What is DDp

Answer 41

Direct digital printing | Printing directly onto fabric using inkjet technology and innovative CAD systems and programs

Question 42

End uses of CAD

Answer 42

Large scale fabrics

Question 43

DDP advantages

Answer 43

``` Enables rapid prototyping of design work complex designs No limit to colours produced Fast and accurate Easy for design to be altered ```

Question 44

Disadvantages of DDP

Answer 44

Design size is limited to size of printer

Question 45

Delustering

Answer 45

Powder is added to synthetic fibre solutions before extrusion through the spinneret to reduce the lustre of synthetic fibres

Question 46

Mercerising

Answer 46

Cotton immersed in alkali solution = increased lustre, strength and dyeability

Question 47

Napping

Answer 47

Yarn/fabric passed over barbed rollers that raise fibre ends, soft surface with better insulation

Question 48

Sanforising

Answer 48

Reduces shrinkage by stretching and heating/cooling cotton

Question 49

Super wash wool

Answer 49

Allows wool to be machine washed and dried

Question 50

Water repellant

Answer 50

Hydrophobic chemicals applied to make fabrics waterproof

Question 51

Fluorochemistry

Answer 51

Invisible barrier to stains and oils e.g. scotch guard

Question 52

Antimicrobials

Answer 52

Control growth of bacteria, fungi and dust mites e.g. micro an