Transverse waves
When the wave oscillates across the direction in which the energy is moving
Waves
Waves are a means of transferring energy from one place to another
Longitudinal waves
When the oscillations are along the direction of the energy
Reflection
The angle of incidence if equal to the angle of reflection
Waves converge when hitting a concave barrier while spread out when hitting a convex one
Refraction
When a wave enters a medium that is at an angle, it will bend
Diffraction
When wave spread out as they pass through a gap
When the wavelength is matched with the gap, the waves will diffract in all directions