SURGERY > Prostate > Flashcards

Prostate Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

Which Zone of prostate is most commonly affected in BPH ?

A

Transitional zone

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2
Q

Which Zone of prostate is most commonly affected in Prostate Cancer ?

A

Peripheral zone

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3
Q

Most common compositions of Prostatic stones (calculi) ?

A

CaPO4 (calcium phosphate)

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4
Q

What is corpora amylacea?

A

Lamellated bodies found in prostatic tissue and to thought to be precursor for prostatic stones

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5
Q

Most common organism responsible for ACUTE bacterial prostatitis

A

E.Coli

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6
Q

PSA VALUES are NOT affected by ..

A

DRE

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7
Q

What is removed in TURP

A

Central, Transitional and majority of the peripheral zone is removed leaving behind a portion of peripheral zone hence patient can still develop prostate cancer even after TURP from the remaining peripheral zone.

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8
Q

Nerve bundles, which are responsible for Erection lies at

A

Posterolateral to the capsule

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9
Q

Most common complication following TURP

A

Retrograde ejaculation

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10
Q

How does retrograde ejaculation patient presents with ?

A

No semen during intercourse however semen comes out later in  urine

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11
Q

To prevent the Incontinence what should we do during TURP ?

A

Take Veru montanum (bulge in prostatic urethra) as the DISTAL limit of TURP

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12
Q

Why should prostatic massage is avoided in patient with prostatitis?

A

As it can lead to septicemia

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13
Q

Prostatodynia (dull perineal pelvic pain) is a symptom of which disease ?

A

Chronic prostatitis

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14
Q

Diagnosis of chronic prostatitis is made by

A

Three tube test (standard Meares and Stamey test)

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15
Q

If chronic prostatitis is because of ** Chlamydia** , which medication to use ?

A

Doxycycline

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16
Q

If chronic prostatitis is because of Trichomonas , which drug is used

A

Metronidazole

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17
Q

What is Urge incontinence?

A

Pass urine before reaching toilet

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18
Q

What is a enuresis

A

Nocturnal incontinence

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19
Q

Chronic retention of urine is said when ____ of residual uterine is present

A

250 CC

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20
Q

What is the FIRST step in Management of Chronic retention of urine

A

Urgent catheterization

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21
Q

If PSA value is >3-4 ng/ml what should we do to differentiate BPH and Cancer

A

TRUS guided Trucut biopsy

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22
Q

Transperineal biopsy is done from which zone of the prostate

A

Anterior zone

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23
Q

Transrectal biopsy is done from which zone of the prostate

A

Posterior lobe (IOC)

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24
Q

Which parameters use to differentiate between Bladder outlet obstruction and Neurogenic bladder ?

Study These Flashcards
A

Uroflometry : ↓ Flow rate in both
Bladder pressure : ↑ in BOO. While. ↓ in Neurogenic bladder

25
In BOO/BPH bladder pressure and urine flow rate are
↑ Bladder Pressure ↓ Flow rate
26
Urine flow rate and bladder pressure in neurogenic bladder are
Very low bladder pressure and decrease flow rate
27
What is Marion’s disease / Prostatism sans prostate ?
**Hyprotrophy of Internal sphincter** seen in Young patients with clinical features of LUTS **Prostate is Normal**
28
What are the two components of BPH
STATIC : Testosterone —> DHT DYNAMIC: mediated by α 1a receptor
29
Which drugs used in medical management of BPH
Alpha 1a blocker (Tamsulosin , Alfuzolin) and 5 α reductase inhibior (Finasteride,Dutasteride)
30
Alpha one blocker acts on on which component
Dynamic component
31
Five alpha reductase, inhibitor acts on which component
Static component
32
Which fluid are associated with increased incidence of TURP syndrome
Hypotonic fluid
33
What is the most common complication of TURP?
Hemorrhage
34
What is the most common vessels bleed during TURP ?
Badenoch’s artery
35
Badenoch’s artery arising from
Inferior vesicle artery (5 and 7 o’clock position)
36
TURP Syndrome is AKA
Water intoxication / Dilutional hyponatremia
37
What is the management of TURP syndrome?
If sodium is <120 mEq/L , 3% hypertonic saline infusion gradually If sodium is >120 mEq/L : fluid restriction
38
If > 500 cc of glycemic gets absorbed, it can increase risk of
MI
39
Retropubic approach is also known as
Millin’s approach
40
Most common gene responsible for prostate cancer is ?
GSTP-1 gene
41
What are the risk factors for prostate cancer?
↑ Age & ↑ Testosterone African-American BRCA2 > BRCA1 Obesity
42
What is the IOC for prostate cancer?
TRUS guided trucut biopsy
43
MC vertebral spread in Prostate cancer
LUMBAR vertebrae d/t **Batson’s Plexus** **OsteoBlastic >> osteoLytic**
44
Bone scan should be done in prostate cancer if
PSA > 10 ng/mL Gleason’s score ≥ 7 Symptomatic patient
45
Prostate cancer is an.
Heterogeneous adenocarcinoma
46
In nerve preserving RALP surgeries which never is preserved and why ?
**Cavernous Nerve** (Responsible for erection) RALP = Robotic-assisted Laparoscopic Prostatectomy
47
Name some of the anti-androgens drug
Flutamide Enzulatamide Abiraterone
48
A patient is planned for TRUS guided TRUCUT biopsy for suspected prostate cancer . how many cores should be taken while performing the procedure?
12
49
When should we carry out biopsy?
If PSA value is >3 with symptoms
50
In BPH how the prostate will feel on DRE
Firm rubbery mucosa
51
What is the normal value of PSA
0-3 ng/ml
52
What happens if we do rapid correction of NA in while managing TURP syndrome ?
Central Pontine Demyelinosis/ Myelinolysis To avoid correction must be done ≤ 8 -10 mEq / L .
53
Most important prognostic factors for prostate cancer is
Stage of the disease
54
What are the storage symptoms?
Urgency enuresis frequency
55
What is the **DISTAL** most border of the resection in TURP?
Verumontanum
56
What is the **PROXIMAL** limit of reception in TURP?
Bladder neck
57
What is the mechanism of retrograde ejaculation?
Description of the bladder leak
58
Which vaccine is used in the treatment of prostate cancer
Sipuleucel-T
59
Which laser is used in the laser in the enucleation of prostate
Ho-YAG laser
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