Sport And Exercise Science > Protein > Flashcards

Protein Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

What are the 3 essential amino acid

A

Valine
Leucine
Isoleucine

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2
Q

How does the compound composition of protein differ to carbs or fats

A

Amino acid have nitrogen

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3
Q

What bonds are between amino acids

A

Peptide bond

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4
Q

How many essential amino acid

A

9

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5
Q

How many non essential amino acid

A

11

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6
Q

Protein function

A

enzyme

Antibodies (Immunity )

Body tissue

Hormones

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7
Q

How to measure protein

A

Muscle biopsy
Isotope infusion

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8
Q

What are the different protein types

A

Casein
Whey
Concentrate
Isolate

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9
Q

What is casein

A

Slow digesting protein

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10
Q

Example of casein

A

Milk

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11
Q

When should casein be taken

A
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12
Q

What is whey protein

A

Fast digesting protein

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13
Q

What is concentrate

A

Non protein components

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14
Q

What is isolate

A

NO non protein components

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15
Q

What are High quality protein + examples

A

Contain all essential amino acids
Meat fish eggs dairy

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16
Q

What are low quality proteins + example

A

Do not contain all of the essential amino acids
Plant based
Grains nuts seed

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17
Q

Example of

A
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18
Q

What are the key enzymes involved in breaking down polypeptidesin small intestine

A

Trypsin
Chymotrypsin
Carboxylpeptidase

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19
Q

What is transamination

A

Protein broken down into energy

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20
Q

What is leucine

A

Amino acid that triggers muscle protein synthesis
Drive for muscle synthesis

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21
Q

Leucine threshold

A
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22
Q

What is it called when muscle fibres increase in size due to muscle protein synthesis and exercise synthesis

Study These Flashcards
A

Muscle hypertrophy

23
Q

What does mps stand for

Study These Flashcards
A

Muscle protein synthesis

24
Q

What does mpb stand for

Study These Flashcards
A

Muscle protein breakdown

25
What is the term used to describe the between MPS and MPB
NPB
26
What does NPB stand for
Net protein balance
27
How much protein should we consume
20-25g
28
How often should we consume protein
3-4 hours
29
Transamunation
30
Why is ammonia removed
It’s a toxin to the brain
31
How much protein can we store in our free amino acid pool
3G per kg of body mass
32
What is an amino acid pool
33
What enzyme breaks down protein in the stomach
Pepsin
34
What is protein broken down into in the stomach
Polypeptide
35
Where does the polypeptide move to after being broken down
Small intestine
36
What are the polypeptides broken down into in the small intestine
Amino acid Dipeptide Tripeptide
37
Where does the amino acid,dipeetide and tripe tide go to after bein in the stomach
Free amino acid pool
38
What is deamination
Removal of nitrogen
39
What cycle does ammonia get removed by
Urea cycle
40
Why don’t we use Oreo tin as a form of energy
They enter at different stages in the kerb cycle resulting in less ATP less efficient
41
What is transamunation
Transfer of nitrogen
42
In the process of transamunation what does the amino acid bind with
AlphaKetogluterate
43
What enzyme is involved in the breakdown of poly peptide in the small intestine
Trypsin
44
What is a free amino acid pool
A storage tank
45
What enzyme reacts with amino acid + alphaketoglutinate
Aminotransferase
46
What product do we get from amino acid + alpha ketoglutinate
Keto acid Glutamate
47
What product gets the nitrogen
Glutamate
48
Where does the keto acid go
Kreb cycle
49
What happens to the glutamate
Undergoes deamination
50
Role of the R group in protein
Determine where it goes in the kreb cycle
51
In deamination where is the first place glutamate goes to
The liver
52
In the liver what happens to glutamate
Remove nitrogen
53
What is formed as a by product when nitrogen is remove from glutamate
Ammonia
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