Proteins

Question 1

Function of Proteins

Answer 1

• Hormones
• Energy source
• Builds and repairs tissue

Question 2

Composition of proteins

Answer 2

composed of long chains of smaller molecules called amino acids

Question 3

Types of proteins

Answer 3

-20 different amino acids that organisms use to build proteins
Human body can make 12 of these
-8 amino acids bits be obtained from food sources (called essential amino acids)

Question 4

4 Stages if Protein Building

Answer 4

• Primary Structure is determined by the sequence of amino acids
• Secondary Structure occurs when amino acids are linked by hydrogen bonds

Question 4

4 Stages if Protein Building

Answer 4

• Primary Structure is determined by the sequence of amino acids
• Secondary Structure occurs when amino acids are linked by hydrogen bonds
• Tertiary Structure: forms when alpha helices and beta sheets are held together by weak interactions
• Quaternary Structure consists of more than polypeptide chain

Question 5

Daily Energy Needs

Answer 5

10- 30% of average energy requirements should come from protein
-fish, eggs, meat, nuts, lentils, beans, seeds

Question 6

How are proteins stored

Answer 6

-body separates it into individual amino acids so they can be rearranged and used as building block

Question 7

Protein Structure

Answer 7

• depends entirely on the order in which the amino acids come together.
• Chemical bonds help molecules take and hold a specific shape

Question 8

Protein Denaturation

Answer 8

Shapes of proteins are critical to their proper functioning
When the protein changes shape it becomes “denatured”
Protein loses its ability to perform its specific functions

Question 9

Conditions that denature a protein

Answer 9

Heat:
Cooking, sunstroke, fever
pH change:
Stomach acid, perm
Radiation:
Sun (uv rays), x-rays, microwaves, cell phones?
Harsh chemicals:
Salt – tenderizes meat