PROTEINS

Question 1

• the first substance recognized as a vital part of a living tissue,
• contains nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen,
• are more complex compounds of high molecular weights and structured in specific arrangements & numbers of their simpler building units, amino acids.
• they are organic substances that upon digestion, yield these amino acids.

Answer 1

Proteins

Question 2

Proteins are taken from the Greek word _____ – primary, ranking first, or occupying the first position,

Answer 2

protos

Question 3

Classification of Proteins

Answer 3

A. Simple proteins
B. Compound proteins
C. Derived proteins

Question 4

are those which yield only amino acids upon hydrolysis

Answer 4

Simple proteins

Question 5

are soluble in water and coagulated by heat.

Answer 5

Albumins

Question 6

are insoluble in water, soluble in dilute salt solution, and coagulated by heat.

Answer 6

Globulins

Question 7

are insoluble in neutral solvents but soluble in weak acids and alkalis; they are coagulated by heat.

Answer 7

Glutelins

Question 8

are soluble 70% to 80% alcohol but insoluble in absolute alcohol, water, and salt solutions.

Answer 8

Prolamins

Question 9

are insoluble in all neutral solvents and in dilute acids and alkalis.

Answer 9

Albuminoids

Question 10

, which are basic polypeptides, are soluble in water but not coagulated by heat; they are found in the nuclei of cells.

Answer 10

Histones and protamines

Question 11

conjugated proteins or proteids – combination of simple proteins and some
other protein substance called a prosthetic group attached to molecule

Answer 11

Compound proteins

Question 12

Compound proteins includes: (6)

Answer 12

1. Nucleoproteins
2. Microproteins and glycoproteins
3. Lipoproteins
4. Phosphoproteins
5. Chromoproteins
6. Metalloproteins

Question 13

combination of simple proteins and nucleic acid.

Answer 13

Nucleoproteins

Question 14

combination of a protein and large quantities of complex

Answer 14

Microproteins and glycoproteins

Question 15

compounds of a protein and a triglyceride or other lipids ( phospholipids or cholesterol)

Answer 15

Lipoproteins

Question 16

compounds of phosphoric acid joined in ester linkage to protein found in casein of milk.

Answer 16

Phosphoproteins

Question 17

compounds of proteins and non protein pigment found in flavoproteins, hemoglobin, and cytochromes.

Answer 17

Chromoproteins

Question 18

any of a class of conjugated proteins that contain flavins and are involved in oxidation reactions in cells.

Answer 18

flavoproteins

Question 19

any of a number of compounds consisting of heme bonded to a protein.

Answer 19

cytochromes

Question 20

compound or metals attached to proteins found in ferritin, hemosiderin, and transferrin.

Answer 20

Metalloproteins

Question 21

are iron-binding plasma glycoproteins that control the level of free iron
In biological fluids

Answer 21

transferrin

Question 22

a protein produced in mammalian metabolism which serves to store iron
in the tissues.

Answer 22

ferritin

Question 23

is an iron-storage complex

Answer 23

hemosiderin`

Question 24

are products formed in the various stages of hydrolysis of a protein molecule.

Answer 24

Derived proteins

Question 25

Functions of Protein Used in _____ (anabolism) caused by the continued wear and tear (catabolism) going on in the body.

Answer 25

repairing worn-out body tissue proteins

Question 26

Functions of Protein Used to build _____ by supplying the necessary amino acid building blocks.

Answer 26

new tissues

Question 27

Functions of Protein Source of _____. _ gm protein contains _ calories.

Answer 27

heat energy; 1gm protein contains 4 calories.

Question 28

Functions of Protein Important in the maintenance of ______ among the various body fluids.

Answer 28

normal osmotic relations

Question 29

Functions of Protein Play a vital role in the ____ of the body to diseases.

Answer 29

resistance

Question 30

Functions of Protein Dietary proteins furnish the _____ for a variety of metabolic functions.

Answer 30

amino acids

Question 31

is the movement of water or other solvent through a plasma membrane from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration.

Answer 31

osmotic

Question 32

Requirement for Human Nutrition Adult

Answer 32

0-9 g/kg BW

Question 33

Requirement for Human Nutrition Children

Answer 33

growth needs vary according to age and growth patterns.

Question 34

Requirement for Human Nutrition Pregnancy

Answer 34

Rapid growth requires an increase of 30 g over that of a non-pregnant women.

Question 35

Requirement for Human Nutrition Lactation

Answer 35

requires an increase of 20 g.

Question 36

Measures of protein quality (3)

Answer 36

Biologic value (BV) Net protein utilization (NPU) Protein efficiency ratio (PER)

Question 37

Measures of protein quality it measures the effectiveness of protein quality in supporting the body’s needs.

Answer 37

Biologic value (BV)

Question 38

Measures of protein quality it measures how capably a protein is used in the body.

Answer 38

Net protein utilization (NPU)

Question 39

Measures of protein quality it also measures the increase in weight of a growing animal and compares it with the intake.

Answer 39

Protein efficiency ratio (PER)

Question 40

Health Effects of Protein (5)

Answer 40

Heart disease Cancer Osteoporosis Weight control Kidney diseases

Question 41

Health Effects of Protein foods rich in animal protein tend to be rich in saturated fats.

Answer 41

Heart disease

Question 42

Health Effects of Protein study suggest, high intake of animal protein has a relationship to some type of ___: Prostate, pancreas, kidneys, breast, and colon.

Answer 42

Cancer

Question 43

Health Effects of Protein calcium excretion rises as protein intake increases.

Answer 43

Osteoporosis

Question 44

Health Effects of Protein protein-rich foods are also rich in fat which can lead to obesity

Answer 44

Weight control

Question 45

Health Effects of Protein excretion of end products of protein metabolism depends on a sufficient fluid intake and healthy kidneys. High protein in diet increases the work of the kidneys.

Answer 45

Kidney diseases

Question 46

a condition resulting from insufficiency of protein or energy or both in the diet.

Answer 46

Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM)

Question 47

Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM) occurs in children who are thin for their height.

Answer 47

Acute PEM

Question 48

occurs in children who are short for their age.

Answer 48

Chronic PEM