Linnaeus
Linnaeus, Sweden, 1707-1778
Father of Systematics and taxonomy.
-NOTE: The term Kingdom has now been replaced by LINEAGE
Lineage EXCAVATA
PHYLUM Euglenida
Characteristics for whole group:
-presence of flagella
Examples:
Heterotrophic (def: organisms that eat other organisms)
Paranema- single flagellum, heterotrophic, freshwater protists of ponds/streams.
Lineage Excavata
PHYLUM Parabasalida
-symbiotic or parasitic, not-free-living, 1 nucleus, typically multi-flagellated
Examples we will see today
Trichonympha- symbionts of termites
Trichomonas vaginalis- causes STD
Lineage Excavata
PHYLUM Diplomonadida
- some free-living, some parasitic or symbionts
- 2 nuclei- typically 8 flagella
Lineage Excavata
PHYLUM Kinetoplastids (3 demos slides)
Trypanasoma cruzi
- free-living or symbionts/parasites
- 2 nuclei, typically 8 flagella
Other examples:
T. brucei and T. gambiense-
Both cause African sleeping sickness
Assassin bug-”kissing bug” vector of T. cruzi- the cause of Chagas Disease
LINEAGE ALVEOLATA
PHYLUM Apicomplexa
- all parasitic
- Presence of a “apical complex”-specialized structures used to penetrate their hosts
Examples:
Gregarina (prep. Slide) Plasmodium vivax- causes Malaria
Lineage Alveolata
PHYLUM Ciliata
- 2 types of nuclei present (macro and micro), cilia present for feeding and/or locomotion, largest protist phylum, all heterotrophic
- Examples:
-
- Paramecium- (wet mount).
- Freshwater ciliates (notice cilia covering protists)
Lineage Alveolata
PHYLUM Ciliata
Euplotes
Lineage Alveolata
PHYLUM Ciliata
Stentor
Lineage Alveolata
PHYLUM Ciliata
Vorticella
Lineage Rhizaria
Phylum Actinopoda
- Amoeba-like organisms with long, thin pseudopodia (axopodia)
- Marine forms, radiolarians, have porous skeletons
Lineage Rhizaria
Phylum Foraminifera
- Amoeba-like cells that secrete a porous, calcium carbonate test
- Forams are among the most abundant organisms in the oceans
Lineage Amoebozoa
Phylum Rhizopoda
- Single nucleus
- Pseudopodia (occasionally flagellated)
- No spores
- Heterotrophic
Lineage Amoebozoa
Phylum Myxogastrida
- Plasmodial Slime Molds
- Occur as a network of interconnected strands called a plasmodium
- A plasmodium is a coenocyte, a single cell with many nuclei but no cell walls
Lineage Amoebozoa
Phylum Dictyostelida
- Cellular Slime Molds
- Exist mainly in the form of independent amoeboid cells called myxamoebas
