UK MLA > PSA > Flashcards

PSA Flashcards

Pass the PSA (75 cards)

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1
Q

Emergency fluid bolus

A

Sodium chloride 0.9% 500ml 10 mins

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2
Q

Emergency hypoglycaemia

A

Glucose 20% 100ml 15 mins

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3
Q

Emergency hypokalaemia

A

Sodium chloride 0.9% / potassium chloride 0.3% 1000ml 4 hours

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4
Q

Emergency hypercalcaemia

A

Sodium chloride 0.9% 1000ml 4 hours

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5
Q

Maintenance (Standard)

A

Sodium chloride 0.9% / glucose 5% 100ml over 8-12 hours

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6
Q

Maintenance (if loses)

A

Fix loses

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7
Q

How much sodium in Sodium chloride 0.9% 1000ml

A

150 mmol

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8
Q

How much potassium in Potassium chloride 0.3% 1000ml

A

40mmol

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9
Q

How much potassium in Potassium chloride 0.15% 1000ml

A

20mmol

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10
Q

How much glucose in Glucose 5% 1000ml

A

50g

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11
Q

Rule about potassium fluids

A

Rate cannot exceed 10mmol/hour
(e.g. Potassium chloride 0.3% 1000ml minimum 4 hours)

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12
Q

Asthma acute

A

OSHITME
(PEF) Mild/mod >50%, severe 33-50%, life threatening <33%

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13
Q

Asthma chronic

A
  1. Budesonide + formoterol prn (AIR)
  2. Budesonide + formoterol regular (Low dose MART)
  3. Budesonide + formoterol regular (high dose MART)
  4. Check FeNo + blood eosinophils , LTRA +/- LTRA 8-12 week trial
  5. Referral
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14
Q

COPD acute

A

Neb Sal, Neb Ipra, Aminophylline, Vent (NIV if pH 7.25 - 7.35, IV if <7.25)
Prednisolone 30mg once daily for 5 days in recovery
(FEV1) Mild >80%, mod 50-79%, severe 30-49%, very severe <30%

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15
Q

VTE prophylaxis

A

Dalteparin

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16
Q

VTE prophylaxis w/ CKD

A

unfractionated heparin SC 5000 units BD

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17
Q

VTE treatment

A

Apixaban

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18
Q

Anticoagulant monitoring

A

LMWH - anti-factor Xa
Unfractionated heparin - aPTT
DOACs - monitor clinically
Warfarin - INR

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19
Q

Anticoagulant reversal

A

LMWH - protamine sulphate
Unfractionated heparin - protamine sulphate
DOACs - andexanet alpha
Warfarin - vitamin K, beriplex

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20
Q

Migraine

A

Aura - sumatriptan, no aura - aspirin or ibuprofen
Prevention - propranolol

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21
Q

Nausea - Vertigo

A

Cyclizine

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22
Q

Nausea - Post op

A

Ondansetron

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23
Q

Nausea - Palliative

A

Cyclizine, haloperidol

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24
Q

Nausea - Acute chemo

A

Ondansetron

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25
Nausea - Chronic chemo
Metoclopramide
26
Nausea - Parkinsons
Domperidone
27
Nausea - Hyperemesis gravidarum
Promethazine
28
Emergency contraception
Levonelle - UPSI <72 hours, if >70kg/ >26 BMi then double dose Ella One - UPSI <120 hours, preferred, contraindicated in asthma
29
HRT w/ Uterus + LMP <12 months ago
Oral (Elleste)/ Patch (Evorel) sequential combined (Drug name - Estradiol with norethisterone)
30
HRT w/ Uterus + LMP >12 months ago
Oral (Elleste conti)/ Patch (Evorel conti) continuous combined (Drug name - Estradiol with norethisterone)
31
HRT Post-hysterectomy
Estradiol
32
Post-hysterectomy osteoperosis
Alendronic acid or risendronate sodium
33
Vasomotor symptoms if not on HRT
Clonidine
34
Menopausal atrophic vaginitis
Topical vaginal oestrogen
35
Examples of causes of Hypoglycaemia
Insulin, sulponureas
36
Examples of causes of Hyperglycaemia
Steroids, antipsychotics, thiazides, beta blockers, tacrolimus
37
Examples of causes of Constipation
Opiods, iron, CCBs, ondansetron, antiepileptics, parkinons meds, anticholinergics
38
Examples of causes of Diarrhoea
Antibiotics, colchicine, metformin, PPIs, magnesium, laxatives, metoclopramide
39
Examples of causes of Urinary retention
Opiods, anticholinergics
40
Examples of causes of urinary incontinence
Alpha blockers, diuretics, anticholinesterase inhibitors, clozapine
41
Drugs that should be given in the morning
Diuretics, steroids
42
Drugs that should be given at night
Statins, sedation
43
Drugs that should be given with meals
Insulin, Creon
44
Drugs that should be given in very specific times
Parkinsons meds
45
Drugs that should be given weekly
bisphosponates, methotrexate/folic acid, patches
46
Examples of causes of Confusion
Opiods, sedatives, anticholinergics
47
Examples of causes of Falls
Benzos, anti depressants, MAOI, antipsychotics, opiates, anti HTN, parkinsons, antiepileptics, any that causes hypoglycaemia
48
Example of causes of Gout
Diuretic
49
Examples of causes of Osteoporosis
Steroids, PPIs, LHRH agonists
50
Examples of causes of HTN
NSAIDS, steroids, OCP, mirabegron
51
Examples of causes of High cholesterol
Steroids, thiazides
52
Examples of causes of Hypernatraemia
Lithium , demeclocycline
53
What meds should be continued if intercurrent illness?
Steroids (double dose)
54
What meds should be stopped if intercurrent illness?
Metformin, statins, -gliflozins
55
What meds should be stopped if trying to concieve?
antiepileptics, antipsychotics, isotretinoin, methotrexate, warfarin
56
What meds should be stopped prior to surgery?
aspirin (7d), DOACs (48hs before), Clopidogrel (7d), warfarin (bridging with LMWH), OCP (4 weeks)
57
What meds worsen parkinsons?
antipsychotics (haloperidol), antiemetics (metoclopramide), antidepressants
58
What meds worsen myasthenia gravis?
ABx, beta blockers, local anaethetic, sedation
59
What meds worsen psoriasis?
betablockers, lithium, ABx
60
What meds worsen heart failure?
NSAIDS, CCBs, pioglitazone
61
Drugs that impair renal function
Diuretics ACEi/ARBS Metformin NSAIDS
62
Drugs that cause pre-renal AKI
Diuretics, ACEi, ARBs
63
Drugs that cause renal AKI
Contrast, penicillin, NSAIDs, sulphonamides, aminoglycosides (gentamicin)
64
Drugs that cause post-renal AKI
Oxybutinin, anticholinergics, opiates
65
Drugs that cause Oral Candidiasis
Steroids, abx, immunosuppressants, ICS
66
Tx of serotonin syndrome
stop drugs, give fluids, benzo, cyproheptadine
67
Patients on Warfarin
unexpected bleeding must be investigated lower threshold for Ix follwoing head injury Haematemesis, continued bleeding or falling head injury mean go straight to A&E avoid binge drinking No pregnancy
68
Drug induced brown urine
Levodopa, metronidazole, nitrofurantoin
69
Drug induced brownish/black urine
Levodopa, methyldopa, senna
70
Drug induced green or blue urine
amitriptyline, indigo carmine, iv cimetidine, iv promethazine, methylthioninium chloride, triamterene
71
Drug induced orange urine
Phenothiazides, phenazopyridine
72
Drug induced red urine
phenolphtalein, rifampicin
73
Isotretinoin info to be communicated
Teratogenic Monitor LFTs and serum lipids, Risk of neuropsychiatric reactions
74
Drugs named of COCP and POP
COCP - ethinylestradiol with levonorgestel POP - desogestrel
75
Drugs that cause oculogyric crisis
Phenothiazines(chlorpromazine, levopromazine), haloperidol, metoclopromide
UK MLA
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