Psychiatry

Question 1

• delusions (mostly bizarre)
• disorganized speech/behavior
• hallucinations

Answer 1

positive symptoms

Question 2

• flattened affect
• social withdrawal
• anhedonia
• apathy
• poverty of thought

Answer 2

negative symptoms

Question 3

schizophrenia

Answer 3

more than 6 months

Question 4

schizophreniform d/o

Answer 4

more than 1 month, less than 6 months

Question 5

• occurs in the first week
• muscle spasms (e.g. torticollis)
• difficulty swallowing

Answer 5

acute dystonia

Question 6

• w/i weeks
• bradykinesia
• tremors
• rigidity

Answer 6

parkinson’s

Question 7

• weeks to chronic use
• motor restlessness
• do not mistake for anxiety or agitation

Answer 7

akathisia

Question 8

• months to years
• choreoathetosis
• often irreversible

Answer 8

tardive dyskinesia

Question 9

• anytime
• muscle rigidity
• hyperthermia
• volatile vital signs
• altered LOC
• increased WBC and CK

Answer 9

neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Question 10

normal psychological reaction to profound changes in person’s life (divorce, migration, birth of handicapped child)

Answer 10

adjustment d/o

Question 11

• brief attacks of intense anxiety w/ autonomic symptoms

- occur regularly

Answer 11

panic d/o

Question 12

treatment for adjustment d/o

Answer 12

COUNSELING

Question 13

treatment for panic d/o

Answer 13

cognitive-behavioral therapy and/or relaxation training and desensitization

Question 14

fear or avoidance of places d/t anxiety about not being able to escape

Answer 14

agoraphobia

Question 15

fear or avoidance of objects or situations

Answer 15

social anxiety d/o

Question 16

excessive, poorly controlled DAILY anxiety for more than 6 months

Answer 16

generalized anxiety d/o (GAD)

Question 17

• recurrent obsessions or compulsions

- individual recognizes that the behavior is unreasonable and excessive

Answer 17

obsessive-compulsive d/o (OCD)

Question 18

• severe anxiety symptoms that follow a life-threatening event
• symptoms less than 1 month w/i 1 month of stressor

Answer 18

acute stress d/o

Question 19

• severe anxiety symptoms that follow a life-threatening event
• symptoms last longer than 1 month

Answer 19

posttraumatic stress d/o (PTSD)

Question 20

• depressed mood, or anhedonia

- last at least 2 weeks

Answer 20

major depressive d/o

Question 21

• low-level depression symptoms

- present on most days for at least 2 years

Answer 21

dysthymic d/o

Question 22

depressive symptoms in the winter months

Answer 22

seasonal affective d/o

Question 23

• depression
• mania
• mixed symptoms for at least 1 week

Answer 23

BP d/o

Question 24

rapid cycling BP

Answer 24

more than 4 episodes of mania per year

Question 25

management of acute mania in BP d/o

Answer 25

1. hospitalize 2. mood stabilizers 3. antipsychotics 4. phenothiazine IM depot (noncompliant, severely manic patients) 5. antidepressants ONLY in patients w/ recurrent episodes of depression

Question 26

recurrent episodes of depressed mood and hypomanic mood for at least 2 years

Answer 26

cyclothymia

Question 27

- elderly taking lithium - renal failure - hyponatremia

Answer 27

lithium toxicity

Question 28

- recently started taking antipsychotics - recently stopped levodopa - high fever - tachycardia - muscle rigidity - altered consciousness - elevated CPK - autonomic dysfunction

Answer 28

neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)

Question 29

- h/o SSRI use AND use of triptans (migraine medication) or a MAOI - agitation - hyperreflexia - hyperthermia - muscle rigidity w/ volume contraction

Answer 29

serotonin syndrome

Question 30

- acute HTN | - h/o MAOI use and either antihistamines, nasal decongestants, or tyramine-rich foods

Answer 30

MAOI-induced hypertensive crisis

Question 31

one or more neurologic symptom(s) that CANNOT be explained by any medical or neurological d/o

Answer 31

conversion d/o

Question 32

- see many doctors - visit many hospitals - large amount of medical knowledge

Answer 32

factitious d/o

Question 33

signs and symptoms faked by another person

Answer 33

factitious d/o by proxy

Question 34

- when there's obvious gain from feigned symptoms | - preoccupied w/ rewards or gain

Answer 34

malingering

Question 35

- distrust and suspiciousness - often confused w/ paranoid schizophrenia - main defense mechanism is projection

Answer 35

paranoid PD

Question 36

- detachment and restricted emotionally | - main defense mechanism is projection

Answer 36

schizoid PD

Question 37

- discomfort w/ social relationships, thought distortion, eccentricity - symptoms aren't severe enough for classification of schizophrenia

Answer 37

schizotypal PD

Question 38

- colorful, exaggerated behavior and excitable, shallow expression of emotions - use of physical appearance to draw attention to self - sexually seductive

Answer 38

histrionic PD

Question 39

- unstable affect, mood swings, marked impulsivity, unstable relationships, recurrent suicidal behaviors, chronic feelings of emptiness, identity disturbance, and inappropriate anger - main defense mechanism is splitting

Answer 39

borderline PD

Question 40

- criminal acts - inability to conform to social rules - disregard for the rights of others - aggressiveness

Answer 40

antisocial PD

Question 41

- sense of self-importance, grandiosity, and preoccupation with fantasies of success

Answer 41

narcissistic PD

Question 42

- social inhibition - feelings of inadequacy - hypersensitivity to criticism

Answer 42

avoidant PD

Question 43

submissive and clinging behavior related to a need to be taken care of

Answer 43

dependent PD

Question 44

- individuals are preoccupied w/ orderliness, perfectionism, and control - differentiated from obsessive-compulsive d/o

Answer 44

obsessive-compulsive PD

Question 45

frequent use of alcohol resulting in tolerance and physical and psychological dependence

Answer 45

alcohol dependence

Question 46

when episodes of alcohol use result in failure to fulfill obligations, craving or strong urge to use a substance, or exposure to physically dangerous situations

Answer 46

alcohol abuse

Question 47

onset after last drink if: minor withdrawal symptoms

Answer 47

6 hours

Question 48

onset after last drink if: alcoholic hallucinosis

Answer 48

12-24 hours

Question 49

onset after last drink if: withdrawal seizure

Answer 49

48 hours

Question 50

onset after last drink if: delirium tremens

Answer 50

48-96 hours

Question 51

substance of abuse - talkative - sullen - gregarious - moody

Answer 51

alcohol

Question 52

substance of abuse - euphoria - hypervigilance - autonomic hyperactivity - weight loss - pupil dilation - disturbed perception - stroke - MI

Answer 52

- amphetamines | - cocaine

Question 53

substance of abuse - impaired motor coordination - impaired time perception - increased appetite - dry mouth - conjunctival redness

Answer 53

cannabis

Question 54

substance of abuse - hallucinations - impaired judgement - pupil dilation - panic - tremors - incoordination

Answer 54

hallucinogens (e.g. LSD)

Question 55

substance of abuse - belligerence - apathy - assaultiveness - blurred vision - stupor - coma

Answer 55

inhalants

Question 56

substance of abuse - apathy - dysphoria - constricted pupils - drowsiness - slurred speech - impaired memory - coma - death

Answer 56

opiates

Question 57

substance of abuse - panic reactions - assaultiveness - agitation - NYSTAGMUS - HTN - seizures - coma - hyperacusis

Answer 57

PCP

Question 58

substance of abuse - inappropriate sexual or aggressive behavior - impaired memory or concentration

Answer 58

barbiturates/benzodiazepines