what are some examples of traumatic events?
-war zone
-physical or sexual assault
-serious accident
-childhood abuse
-natural disasters
-mass violence
-torture
what specific types of trauma exposure are needed for a diagnoses?
- Directly experiencing a traumatic event
- Witnessing, in person, a traumatic event that happened to someone else
- Learning about a traumatic event happening to a close friend or family member
( cases of death must be violent or unexpected)
what are the four core s/s of PTSD?
- re-experiencing symptoms (flashbacks, bad dreams, scary thoughts)
- avoidance (places or thoguhts)
- arousal and reactivity (“on edge”, difficulty sleeping, angry outbursts)
- cognitive and mood symptoms (memory prob, negative thoughts, loss of interest)
what are the pre trauma r/f for PTSD
-poor
-parental neglect
-hx of mental illness
-female
-poor social support
what are post trauma r/f for PTSD
-lack of support
-life stress
-fail to diagnose early
how do we treat PTSD?
- Trauma focused psychotherapy (exposure, CPT, EMDR)
- medications (SSRI, SNRI)
what is EMDR?
recalling a stressful past event and “reprogramming” the memory in a positive light
what is acute stress disorder?
occurs within ONE MONTH of trauma exposure same s/s of PTSD
what are the dissociative symptoms associated with ASD?
Numbing
Detachment
reduction of awareness to one’s surroundings
Derealization
Depersonalization
Dissociative amnesia
how many dissociative symptoms does one need to be diagnosed with ASD?
3
when does ASD usually resolve itself?
2-28 days
what happens if ASD last longer than one month?
the diagnosis is changed to PTSD
