puberty

Question 1

Management of gynacomastia in young boys

Answer 1

• usually physiological due to imbalance of oestrogen excess vs testosterone insufficiency
• usually resolves without investigation

Question 2

Indications for surgery in boys with gynacomastia

Answer 2

• onset >2yr ago
• unequal in size
• failed medical management

Question 3

What is precocious puberty

Answer 3

signs of puberty at an early age

• girls <8yrs
• boys <9yrs
• Girls > boys
• Usually benign in boys
• rarely idiopathic in boys

Question 4

What is premature menarche

Answer 4

cyclical vaginal bleeding in the absence of other signs of puberty

Question 5

What is premature thelarche

Answer 5

isolated breast enlargement in children <3yrs old

NO other signs of puberty

Question 6

What is precious pseudopuberty (gonadotrophin-independent precocious puberty)

Answer 6

elevated sex steroids (oestridiol and testosterone) cause breast and pubic hair development

Question 7

What is premature adrenarche

Answer 7

adrenal excess causes isolated pubic and axillary hair.