Pysch midterm Flashcards by Chloe K

Q

Overconfidence

A

Being more confident than correct

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Q

Confounding variables

A

Extra factors that mess up results

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Q

Independent variable

A

What the researcher changes

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Q

Dependent variable

A

What is measured

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Q

Meta-analysis

A

Study of many studies

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Q

Central tendency

A

The average

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Q

Standard deviation

A

How spread out scores are

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Q

Representative sample

A

Sample that matches the population

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Q

Placebo effect

A

When a person’s expectations cause a change

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Q

Convenience sample

A

People who are easy to get

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Q

Social desirability bias

A

Saying what looks good, not what’s true

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Q

Statistical significance

A

Results probably didn’t happen by chance

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Q

Institutional Review Board

A

Group that approves studies

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Q

Deception

A

Participants are misled

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Q

Heredity

A

Traits passed from parents

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Q

Genetic disposition

A

Inherited tendency

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Q

Adoption studies

A

Study adopted kids to see genes vs environment.

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Q

Twin studies

A

Compare identical vs fraternal twins

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Q

Motor neurons

Study These Flashcards

A

Carry messages to muscles

Q

Threshold

Study These Flashcards

A

Minimum level needed to fire

Q

Action potential

Study These Flashcards

A

Electrical signal

Q

Hippocampus

Study These Flashcards

A

Forms new memories

Q

Corpus callosum

Study These Flashcards

A

Connects left & right brain

Q

Hypothalamus

Study These Flashcards

A

Keeps the body in balance

Plasticity

Brain’s ability to change

Amygdala

Fear and emotion

Broca’s area

Speech

Wernicke’s area

Understanding language

Circadian rhythm

24-hour sleep cycle

Weber’s Law

You need a larger change to notice a difference

Blindsight

Responding to visual info without seeing

Place theory

Pitch is based on where sound hits the cochlea.

Frequency theory

Pitch is based on how fast neurons fire.

Phantom limb

Feeling sensation in missing limb

Gate control theory

Brain can block pain signals

Bottom up processing

(Info comes from your senses.)

Top-down processing

Expectations shape what you see

Gestalt psychology

perceive objects and experiences as organized, cohesive wholes rather than as sums of individual parts

Closure

Fill in missing pieces

Proximity

Close things seen as group

Schema

Grouping information (mental framework)

Assimilation

Fit new info into what you already know.

Accommodation

Change what you know to fit new info.

Heuristics

Mental shortcuts