qualitative genetics

Question 1

sources of genetic variation

Answer 1

• mutation = new alleles
• meiosis = random alignment and recombination
• migration of alleles between populations
• genetic drift - random change in allele frequencies
• selection - certain alleles increase fitness and become more
  common

Question 2

what is linkage

Answer 2

Associations between
SNP (single nucleotide
polymorphisms) and
phenotype

Question 3

haplotypes

Answer 3

Haplotype = stretch of DNA (e.g. several genes) that are inherited together

Question 4

mendels law of independent assortment

Answer 4

If genes are far apart - inherited
independently
* If genes are very close together
then usually inherited together

Question 5

gene and genotype frequency applications

Answer 5

–Predicting carrier frequency for recessive diseases
–Detecting if a population is evolving (deviations
suggest selection or inbreeding)

Question 6

what are the rules of the Hardy - Weinberg equilibrium

Answer 6

1. Large randomly mating population
2. No selection pressure
3. No mutations
4. No movement of genetics in or out of the
   population (migration)