1
Q
4 Types of reasoning
A
Reasoning from specific instances, reasoning from principle, causal reasoning, analogical reasoning
2
Q
How to assess reasoning?
A
- Avoid jumping to conclusions
- Make sure sample is large enough to justify
- Make sure fair, unbiased sources
- Give evidence
- Avoid assumptions
- Show parallel situation
3
Q
Four reasonings listeners are persuaded by speakers
A
1) the perceive the speaker as having high credibility 2) they are won over by the speaker’s evidence 3) they are convinced by the speaker’s reasoning 4) the are moved by the speaker’s emotional appeals
4
Q
3 ways to enhance credibility
A
1) explain your competence
2) establish common ground
3) deliver speeches fluently, expressively, and with conviction
5
Q
Methods to generate emotional appeal (3)
A
Use emotional language
Develop vivid examples
Speak with sincerity and conviction
