r2

Question 1

What are the full steps for gas stoichiometry problems?

Answer 1

1. Balance equation
2. Convert given to moles (PV=nRT or molar ratio)
3. Apply mole ratio
4. Convert to final unit

Question 2

Ideal Gas Law equation and variables

Answer 2

PV = nRT
P = pressure (Pa or atm)
V = volume (m³ or dm³)
n = moles
R = 8.31 J/mol·K or 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K
T = Kelvin

Question 3

metal carbonate + acid yields to?

Answer 3

salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 4

metal bicarbonate + acid yields to?

Answer 4

salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 5

Full collision theory requirements

Answer 5

1. Collisions must occur
2. Correct orientation
3. Kinetic energy ≥ activation energy

Question 6

Effect of concentration on collision frequency

Answer 6

More particles per volume → more collisions per second

Question 6

Why does increasing temperature increase rate (HL explanation)?

Answer 6

Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution shifts right

Larger fraction of molecules exceed Ea

Question 7

simple endothermic graph

Answer 7

reactants lower than products

Question 8

simple exothermic graph

Answer 8

reactants higher than products

Question 8

Maxwell-Boltsmann energy curve x-axis

Answer 8

kinetic energy, E

Question 9

Maxwell-Boltsmann energy curve y-axis

Answer 9

number of particles with kinetic energy, E

Question 10

What does the left of the activation energy line on the Maxwell-Boltsmann energy curve represent

Answer 10

The proportion of particles that do not have enough energy to react.

Question 11

What does the right of the activation energy line on the Maxwell-Boltsmann energy curve represent

Answer 11

The proportion of particles that do have enough energy to react.

Question 12

0 order

Answer 12

changing concentration of the reactant has no effect on the rate of the reaction

Question 13

1st order

Answer 13

changing concentration of the reactant change the rate of the reaction by the same factor

Question 14

2nd order

Answer 14

changing concentration of the reactant change the rate of the reaction by the same factor^2

Question 15

what is the Arrhenius equation used to determine

Answer 15

activation energy

Question 16

Arrhenius equation

Answer 16

k=Ae^-Ea/RT

Question 17

Arrhenius plot equation

Answer 17

ln (k) = ln (A) - Ea/R x 1/Tk

Question 18

k «_space;1

Answer 18

reaction hardly proceeds

Question 19

k < 1

Answer 19

equilibriam torwards the products

Question 20

k = 1

Answer 20

significant amounts of both procuta and reactant at quillibiriam.

Question 21

k > 1

Answer 21

equilibriam torwards the reactants

Question 22

k»_space; 1

Answer 22

reaction goes almost to completion

Question 23

Q = K

Answer 23

no net reaction occurs

Question 24

Q < K

Answer 24

reaction proceeds to the right, products are favoured

Question 25

Q > K

Answer 25

reaction proceeds to the left, reactants are favoured

Question 26

Delta G -

Answer 26

lnk + k > 1 forward reaction products spontaneous

Question 27

Delta G +

Answer 27

lnk 1 k < 1 reverse reaction reactants

Question 28

Arrhenius slope

Answer 28

Ea/r

Question 29

Change in equilibrium: Increase in products

Answer 29

right

Question 30

Change in equilibrium: Increase in reactants

Answer 30

left

Question 31

Change in equilibrium: Increase pressure

Answer 31

favor lesser moles of gas

Question 31

Change in equilibrium: Decrease pressure

Answer 31

favor more moles of gas

Question 32

Change in equilibrium: Increase temperature

Answer 32

favors reverse reaction (endothermic)

Question 33

Change in equilibrium: Decrease temperature

Answer 33

favors forward reaction (exothermic)

Question 34

What is the only way to change the K value

Answer 34

change temperature