rad physics Flashcards

Question 1

Q

What part of the Atom is hardest to shield, why?

Answer

A

Neutrons - they have no charge

Question 2

Q

Rest mass of a neutron

Answer

A

939.6 MeV

Question 3

Q

Rest mass of a proton

Answer

A

939.6 MeV

Question 4

Q

Rest mass of an electron

Answer

A

0.511 MeV

Question 5

Q

Define AMU, and what is it normalized to?

Answer

A

Atomic Mass Unit, how atoms are weighed - normalized to C-12 (carbon-12)

Question 6

Q

Mass Number symbol and define

Answer

A

(A) - # protons + # neutrons

Question 7

Q

Atomic number symbol and define

Answer

A

(Z) - # protons

Question 8

Q

What is an Isotope

Answer

A

Same # Protons (Z)

ex. C-12 and C-14

Question 9

Q

What is an isotone

Answer

A

Same # Neutrons

ex. I-131 and Xe 132

Question 10

Q

What is an isobar

Answer

A

same Mass Number (A)

ex. N-14 and C-14

Question 11

Q

What is an isomer

Answer

A

same Z, A, and neutrons in a metastable state

Question 12

Q

Stability of atom with > 20 protons

Answer

A

atom must have 1.5 to 1, neutrons to protons

neutrons > protons

Question 13

Q

As Z number increases, binding energies ____?

Question 14

Q

Where do gamma rays originate from?

Answer

A

the nucleus

Question 15

Q

What do x-rays originate from?

Answer

A

Characteristic x-ray, and Bremsstrahlung x-ray

Question 16

Q

Describe Characteristic X-Ray

Answer

Study These Flashcards

A

orbital electron is ejected from atom
An outer orbital e’ “falls down” to fill the vacancy
E is radiated off in the form of electromagnetic radiation
E of x-ray is the difference between corresponding energy levels (subtract e’ shells to determine E of x-ray)

Question 17

Q

Describe Bremsstrahlung X-Ray

Answer

Study These Flashcards

A

breaking radiation - can occur in any charged particle;
1. e’ is accelerated and deflected from passing by the nucleus;
2. e’ losses part of its E as electromagnetic radiation.