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Question 1

Glomerulonephritis
Acute intersitial nephritis (AIN)
Acute tubular necrosis (ATN)

Answer 1

Intrinsic renal dz

Question 2

Red RBC casts…

Answer 2

Glomeulonephritis

Question 3

What must you rule out if you see RBC casts and are thinking Glomerulonephritis?

Answer 3

Nephrotic syndrome

Question 4

Protein above 3.5
Edema
High cholesterol

Answer 4

Nephrotic syndrome

Question 5

WBCs, WBC casts, eosinophils

Answer 5

Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN)

Question 6

Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) can be caused by….

Answer 6

1. infection

2. drugs (TMX-Sulfa, penicillins, other abx)

Question 7

“Muddy brown casts”

Answer 7

acute tubular necrosis (ATN)

Question 8

1. prolonged pre-renal (ischemia)
2. IV contrast
3. myoglobin

Answer 8

all causes of acute tubular necrosis (ATN)

Question 9

How to tx acute tubular necrosis (ATN) caused by IV contrast or myoglobin

Answer 9

lots of hydration!

Question 10

3 stages of acute tubular necrosis

Answer 10

1. prodrome (increase in creatinine)
2. oliguric (decreased urine output)
3. polyuric (increased urine output)

Question 11

BUN:Cr ratio greater than 20

Urine Na less than 10

Answer 11

Pre-renal!