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Question 1

Episcleritis vs scleritis

How to differentiate

Answer 1

• episcleritis not painful (in comparison to scleritis) → but mild pain may be present
• phenylephrine drops → used to differentiate between episcleritis and scleritis

(Phenylephrine - vasopressor - blanches the conjunctival and episcleral vessels but not the scleral vessels. If the eye redness improves after phenylephrine a diagnosis of episcleritis can be made)

Question 2

How to calculate the need for maintenance fluids in kids

Answer 2